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25 Oct 2021, 06:57
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A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
5%
(low)
Question Stats:
78% (00:58) correct
22%
(01:02)
wrong
based on 100
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, enabling them to take decisions from case to case.
A. enabling them to take decisions from case to case.
B. for them to take decisions from case to case.
C. taking decisions from case to case.
D. that enables them to take decisions from case to case.
E. that they can take decisions from case to case.
A. enabling them to take decisions from case to case.
B. for them to take decisions from case to case.
C. taking decisions from case to case.
D. that enables them to take decisions from case to case.
E. that they can take decisions from case to case.
25 Oct 2021, 07:50
Kudos
Bookmarks
Dear Friends,
Here is a detailed explanation to this question-
Meaning is crucial to solving this problem:
Understanding the intended meaning is key to solving this question; the intended meaning of this sentence is that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, and in doing so enable them to take decisions from case to case.
Concepts tested here: Subject-Verb Agreement + Meaning + Verb Forms + Grammatical Construction
• The introduction of the present participle ("verb+ing"- “taking” and “enabling” in this case) after comma generally leads to a cause-effect relationship.
• Semicolons and the “comma + conjunction” construction are used to link two independent clauses; commas are used to link an independent clause with a dependent one; comma cannot be used to join two independent clauses.
A: Correct. This answer choice avoids the subject-verb agreement error seen in Option D, as it utilizes the present participle ("verb+ing" - "enabling" in this sentence) rather than an active verb, for example, "enables", which is used by Option D. Further, Option A uses the phrase "enabling them to take", conveying the intended meaning - that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, and in doing so make it possible for the personnel to take decisions from case to case. Additionally, Option A correctly uses a comma to join the independent clause "Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel" to the dependent clause "enabling them to take decisions from case to case".
B: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "for them to take decisions"; the use of "for" incorrectly implies that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel for the purpose of taking decisions from case to case; the intended meaning is that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, and in doing so enable them to take decisions from case to case.
C: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "taking decisions from case to case"; the omission of the verb "enable" illogically implies that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, and in doing so the laws themselves take decisions from case to case; the intended meaning is that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, and in doing so make it possible for the personnel to take decisions from case to case; please remember, the introduction of the present participle ("verb+ing"- “taking” in this case) after comma generally leads to a cause-effect relationship.
D: This answer choice incorrectly refers to the plural noun "powers" with the singular verb "enable". Further Option D incorrectly uses a comma to join the independent clauses "Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel" and "that enables them to take decisions from case to case"; please remember, a comma cannot join two independent clauses; such usage leads to the error of comma splice; to correct this error, the comma must be replaced with semicolon or comma followed by a conjunction such as "and", "but" etc.
E: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase"that they can take decisions from case to case"; the construction of this phrase leads to an incoherent meaning; the intended meaning is that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, and in doing so enable them to take decisions from case to case.
Hence, A is the best answer choice.
To understand the concept of Comma plus Present Participle for Cause Effect relationship on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~3 minutes):
To understand the concept of "Comma Splices" and "Run-ons" on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~6 minutes):
All the best!
Experts' Global Team
Here is a detailed explanation to this question-
ktzsikka
Meaning is crucial to solving this problem:
Understanding the intended meaning is key to solving this question; the intended meaning of this sentence is that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, and in doing so enable them to take decisions from case to case.
Concepts tested here: Subject-Verb Agreement + Meaning + Verb Forms + Grammatical Construction
• The introduction of the present participle ("verb+ing"- “taking” and “enabling” in this case) after comma generally leads to a cause-effect relationship.
• Semicolons and the “comma + conjunction” construction are used to link two independent clauses; commas are used to link an independent clause with a dependent one; comma cannot be used to join two independent clauses.
A: Correct. This answer choice avoids the subject-verb agreement error seen in Option D, as it utilizes the present participle ("verb+ing" - "enabling" in this sentence) rather than an active verb, for example, "enables", which is used by Option D. Further, Option A uses the phrase "enabling them to take", conveying the intended meaning - that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, and in doing so make it possible for the personnel to take decisions from case to case. Additionally, Option A correctly uses a comma to join the independent clause "Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel" to the dependent clause "enabling them to take decisions from case to case".
B: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "for them to take decisions"; the use of "for" incorrectly implies that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel for the purpose of taking decisions from case to case; the intended meaning is that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, and in doing so enable them to take decisions from case to case.
C: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "taking decisions from case to case"; the omission of the verb "enable" illogically implies that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, and in doing so the laws themselves take decisions from case to case; the intended meaning is that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, and in doing so make it possible for the personnel to take decisions from case to case; please remember, the introduction of the present participle ("verb+ing"- “taking” in this case) after comma generally leads to a cause-effect relationship.
D: This answer choice incorrectly refers to the plural noun "powers" with the singular verb "enable". Further Option D incorrectly uses a comma to join the independent clauses "Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel" and "that enables them to take decisions from case to case"; please remember, a comma cannot join two independent clauses; such usage leads to the error of comma splice; to correct this error, the comma must be replaced with semicolon or comma followed by a conjunction such as "and", "but" etc.
E: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase"that they can take decisions from case to case"; the construction of this phrase leads to an incoherent meaning; the intended meaning is that administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, and in doing so enable them to take decisions from case to case.
Hence, A is the best answer choice.
To understand the concept of Comma plus Present Participle for Cause Effect relationship on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~3 minutes):
To understand the concept of "Comma Splices" and "Run-ons" on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~6 minutes):
All the best!
Experts' Global Team
13 Jan 2022, 12:50
Kudos
Bookmarks
Here is the OE
Solution:
Step 1: Understanding Intended Meaning
Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, enabling them to take decisions from case to case.
• Subject: Administrative laws
• Verb: confer
• Object 1: wide discretionary powers
• Object 2 (on whom) : the administrative personnel
• Ing modifier “enabling”, after a comma – modifies the verb “confer” in the preceding clause
• “them” correctly refers to “personnel” which is actually a plural noun although it looks singular.
• So, all in all, the sentence has no error.
Intended meaning:
• Administrative laws confer or bestow wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel,
• Such wide discretionary powers are conferred so as to enable the administrative personnel to take decisions from case to case.
Step 2: Eliminate choices with identified errors
Checking for five aspects
1. Golden rules
2. Meaning
3. Lists
a. No error
4. Tenses
a. No error
5. Idioms
Eliminate
There are no errors in Choice A.
________________________________________
A. enabling them to take decisions from case to case.
Option A Feedback:
Correct and Explained in Step 1
B. for them to take decisions from case to case.
Option B Feedback:
Fitting in the original sentence:
Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, for them to take decisions from case to case.
• The construction “for them” is awkward and does not convey the intended relationship that the powers are conferred so that the personnel can take certain decisions.
• The “for them” is also redundant since we already know the powers are bestowed on the personnel.
Incorrect Choice.
C. taking decisions from case to case.
Option C Feedback:
Fitting in the original sentence:
Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, taking decisions from case to case.
• The sentence does not clarify who is going to take decisions. It seems the laws are going to take decisions.
• MeM pair does not agree logically
Incorrect Choice.
D. that enables them to take decisions from case to case.
Option D Feedback:
Fitting in the original sentence:
Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, that enables them to take decisions from case to case.
• “that” is referring to "powers" which is plural. However, the verb "enables" is singular.
• SV pair does not agree in number
Incorrect Choice.
E. that they can take decisions from case to case.
Option E Feedback:
Fitting in the original sentence:
Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, that they can take decisions from case to case.
• The “so” before “that” is missing. Thus this construction does not convey the intended relationship.
• Incorrect idiomatic expression.
Incorrect Choice.
Solution:
Step 1: Understanding Intended Meaning
Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, enabling them to take decisions from case to case.
• Subject: Administrative laws
• Verb: confer
• Object 1: wide discretionary powers
• Object 2 (on whom) : the administrative personnel
• Ing modifier “enabling”, after a comma – modifies the verb “confer” in the preceding clause
• “them” correctly refers to “personnel” which is actually a plural noun although it looks singular.
• So, all in all, the sentence has no error.
Intended meaning:
• Administrative laws confer or bestow wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel,
• Such wide discretionary powers are conferred so as to enable the administrative personnel to take decisions from case to case.
Step 2: Eliminate choices with identified errors
Checking for five aspects
1. Golden rules
2. Meaning
3. Lists
a. No error
4. Tenses
a. No error
5. Idioms
Eliminate
There are no errors in Choice A.
________________________________________
A. enabling them to take decisions from case to case.
Option A Feedback:
Correct and Explained in Step 1
B. for them to take decisions from case to case.
Option B Feedback:
Fitting in the original sentence:
Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, for them to take decisions from case to case.
• The construction “for them” is awkward and does not convey the intended relationship that the powers are conferred so that the personnel can take certain decisions.
• The “for them” is also redundant since we already know the powers are bestowed on the personnel.
Incorrect Choice.
C. taking decisions from case to case.
Option C Feedback:
Fitting in the original sentence:
Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, taking decisions from case to case.
• The sentence does not clarify who is going to take decisions. It seems the laws are going to take decisions.
• MeM pair does not agree logically
Incorrect Choice.
D. that enables them to take decisions from case to case.
Option D Feedback:
Fitting in the original sentence:
Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, that enables them to take decisions from case to case.
• “that” is referring to "powers" which is plural. However, the verb "enables" is singular.
• SV pair does not agree in number
Incorrect Choice.
E. that they can take decisions from case to case.
Option E Feedback:
Fitting in the original sentence:
Administrative laws confer wide discretionary powers on the administrative personnel, that they can take decisions from case to case.
• The “so” before “that” is missing. Thus this construction does not convey the intended relationship.
• Incorrect idiomatic expression.
Incorrect Choice.
