Although since its inception in the 1970s, the Standard Model has accurately predicted the existence of a range of particles, including the Higgs boson,
discovery of whom in 2012 at CERN electrified the scientific community, it cannot explain many conundrums such as what is dark matter, a theoretical form of matter believed to account for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe, and why the Higgs boson possesses the mass that it does.
(A)
discovery of whom in 2012 at CERN electrified the scientific community, it cannot explain many conundrums such as
what is dark matter, a theoretical form of matter believed to account for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe,
noun phrase highlighted above --awkward and wordy; 'what is dark matter' is interrogative,; here the correct form should be --what dark matter is(B) which was discovered in 2012 at CERN electrified the scientific community, it cannot explain a number of several conundrums such as
what dark matter, a theoretical form of matter believed to account for approximately 85% of universe’s matter,
verb missing in the second dependent clause(C)
whose discovery in 2012 at CERN electrified the scientific community,
it cannot explain several conundrums such as
what dark matter, a theoretical form of matter that is believed to account for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe,
is
concise grammatically correct noun phrase in the beginning; the correct form --what dark matter is -- has been used(D)
discovered in 2012 at CERN and electrified the scientific community, it may not explain several conundrums such as dark matter, a theoretical form of matter that is believed to account for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe,
incorrect modifier in the beginning ; use of 'such as' is incorrect as the phrase 'such as' is used to denote examples(E) whose discovery in 2012 at CERN
electrified the scientific community and
cannot explain several conundrums such as dark matter is a theoretical form of matter believed to account for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe
incorrect use of tenses in the beginning of the underlined portion; also, use of 'such as' is incorrect as the phrase 'such as' is used to denote examples(C) is the correct answer