I have used Khan throughout my bachelor, indeed a very good source of information.
To answer your questions:
1) What were the Quant and Verbal Scaled Scores for this first practice CAT Test?
Q33, V20
2) Did you have to 'rush' to finish any of the sections on that Test?
On the contrary, I had time left over for both the Verbal and Quant part
3) What is your overall goal score?
Since I finished undergrad with good grades, I'm shooting for 700+, so I can apply to Top 10 business schools (MIT, Oxford, LSE, Berkeley, Cambridge, LBS)
4) When are you planning to apply to School and what Schools are you planning to apply to?
My top 6 for now is: MIT, Oxford, LSE, Berkeley, Cambridge, LBS
I'm planning to apply either before the end 2020/early 2021. If I can't score that high in that timeframe, I'm okay with waiting for next year's cycle, but that's obviously not prefered.
With regards to time commitment, what I have been doing and can realistically keep doing, is 1:00-1:30 hour in the morning before work, and 4:00 hours after work, before sleeping.