Any machine that could be used to keep fields free of weeds without manual weeding or the use of herbicides would have a large market among farmers. A company has developed a prototype weeding machine that distinguishes between plants on the basis of their color and can remove any plant that falls outside a predetermined color range. The company is presently considering whether to go ahead with full-scale production of this weeding machine.
Which of the following, if true, is the strongest consideration in favor of the company’s going into full-scale production?The machine will be valuable only if it can reliably distinguish crops from weeds by color.
The strongest support would show that crops can be made visually distinct enough for the machine to remove weeds without harming the crop.
A. There is a considerable degree of variation in color among weeds of different species.
This does not help much. If weeds vary widely in color, the machine may have difficulty removing all weeds while preserving the crop.
B. For many crops, weeds pose a greater threat to high yields than insect pests do.
This shows that weeds are a serious problem, but it does not show that this color-based machine can solve that problem.
C. When crops are weeded manually, color is often a major factor in distinguishing agricultural plants from weeds.
This gives some support, but it is limited. Human weeders may use color along with other clues, while the machine uses only color.
D. Selection and genetic manipulation allow nearly all agricultural plants to be economically bred to have a distinctive shade of color without altering their other characteristics.
This is correct. If crops can be bred to have a distinctive color, then the machine can be set to preserve crops within that color range and remove plants outside it. That strongly supports full-scale production because it makes the machine broadly usable.
E. The last time the company decided to go ahead with full-scale production of a machine for which they had developed a prototype, the venture proved far more profitable than the company had anticipated.
This is irrelevant. A previous successful product does not show that this specific weeding machine will work or have a large market.
Answer: (D)