Amity007
Archaeologist: We haven't found any physical evidence of chariot racing in this civilization, but these oddly shaped, smoothed-out depressions in the ground seem perfectly suited for a chariot track. This suggests chariot racing might have been a popular activity here.
Skeptic: Not necessarily. Look at modern cities – there are countless designated bike lanes, yet cycling might not be that prevalent everywhere. Just because infrastructure exists doesn't guarantee continuous use.
The skeptic's response to the archaeologist's reasoning does which one of the following?
A. It implies an analogy between the evidence and outcomes of past and present occurrences.
B. It suggests a parallel between past and present outcomes to draw a parallel between their occurrences.
C. It emphasizes the importance of replicating past evidence in the present for accurate conclusions.
D. It emphasizes the potential for reinterpreting a past outcome in light of new evidence from the present.
E. It employs the same principle as that used by archaeologist to doubt his conjecture.
The archaeologist infers that chariot racing was popular because the physical layout looks suitable for it. The skeptic challenges this by showing that suitable infrastructure does not necessarily mean frequent or popular use.
A. I do not think this is right. The skeptic is not comparing outcomes of past and present events; he is questioning the inference drawn from the evidence.
B. This is also off. Although the skeptic uses a present-day example, he is not claiming the outcomes are parallel, only that the reasoning pattern is weak.
C. This does not fit at all. The skeptic is not saying past evidence must be replicated in the present; he is warning against drawing conclusions from infrastructure alone.
D. I do not think this works. The skeptic is not reinterpreting a past outcome using new evidence, but rather criticizing the logic used to reach the outcome.
E.
This is the best choice. The skeptic applies the same underlying principle used by the archaeologist, that physical features suggest an activity, and shows that this principle is unreliable, thereby casting doubt on the archaeologist’s conclusion.
Answer: (E)