AbdurRakib wrote:
Birds have been said to be descended from certain birdlike dinosaur species with which they share distinctive structural features. The fossil record, however, shows that this cannot be so, since there are bird fossils that are much older than the earliest birdlike dinosaur fossils that have been found.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?
(A) The birdlike dinosaurs have no living descendants.
(B) There are no flightless dinosaur species that have the distinctive structural features shared by birds and birdlike dinosaurs.
(C) There are no birdlike dinosaur fossils that are older than the bird fossils but have not yet been unearthed.
(D) It could not have been the case that some birds were descended from one of the birdlike dinosaur species and other birds from another.
(E) Birds cannot have been descended from dinosaur species with which the birds do not share the distinctive structural features.
ID - CR03272
OG 2017 New Question
The question wants us to understand the conclusion, and purpose in order to identify the assumption. First we'll point out the conclusion, birds share features of dinosaurs but that isn't the case since bird fossils are older. The purpose is to disprove that birds have been said to be descended from birdlike dinosaur species. Now we can start to pick apart the options to find an assumption that points to the conclusion and the evidence that supports it.
A doesn't mention the older fossils found before birdlike dinosaurs. Eliminate.
B, and D mention information that wasn't in the argument.
E doesn't address the issue of birdlike fossils being older than bird fossils.
C addresses the older birdlike fossils and the change that there could be older bird fossils that are undiscovered. Correct!