Test the answers. The equation for this one was taking too long. Backsolving was quick.

(Price per gallon P) * (# of gallons Q) = Total cost

Q = Total cost/price per gallon

1) Find original price from given dollar increase

2) Find original # of gallons by dividing $600 by old price per gallon

3) Find new price
= (1.2)($old), OR
($Old price + added $ increase)

4) Find new # gallons. Divide 600 by new price

Answer C) $10

$10 is both the dollar increase in price and a .20 increase of original price, x

Original price:

$10 = .2x = \(\frac{10}{.2} = $50\)

Original number of gallons:

\(\frac{$600}{$50PerGal} = 12\) gallons

New price: $50 + $10 (or 1.2 * $50) = $60

New number of gallons

\(\frac{$600}{$60per} = 10\) gallons

12 - 10 = 2 fewer gallons now. Too small. That means the dollar price increase is too large. To increase quantity, decrease price.

Try B) $5

$5 = .2x

Original price:

\(\frac{$5}{.2} = $25\)

Original quantity:

\(\frac{$600}{$25per} = 24\) gallons

New price: (1.2)($25) or ($25 + $5) = $30

New quantity:

\(\frac{$600}{$30per} = 20\) gallons

24 - 20 = 4 gallons. Correct

Answer B
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In the depths of winter, I finally learned
that within me there lay an invincible summer.
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