Let's call the starting populations A and B.
1. After Q1: Pond A fell by 75%, so it's left with 0.25A. Pond B fell by 60%, leaving 0.40B.
2. During Q2: "Increased by 200%" means the value tripled (grew by 2x of itself). So Pond A becomes 0.25A x 3 = 0.75A. "Increased by 650%" means it grew to 7.5x its Q1 value. Pond B becomes 0.40B x 7.5 = 3B.
3. Set them equal at the end of Q2: 0.75A = 3B, so A = 4B.
4. "Pond A was what percent greater than Pond B?" means (A - B)/B x 100 = (4B - B)/B x 100 = 300%.
Answer: (A) 300%
The trap here is "increased by 650%" — a lot of people read that as "multiplied by 6.5" instead of "grew by 6.5 times the current amount," which gives you 7.5 as the multiplier. I got burned on a similar phrasing my first time through percent change problems. "Increased BY x%" always means multiply by (1 + x/100).
Quick sanity check: if B started at 100, then A started at 400. End of Q1: A = 100, B = 40. End of Q2: A = 300, B = 300. Same. Confirms the answer.
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