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Quick soln

Statement 1: c known as 2 since only even prime but k unknown. reject.

Statement 2: k=4N+1. c unknown. reject.

Combined statement: 2^(4n+1) always gives 2 at the units place. solvable. Thus C.

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Few advanced concepts which one may like to know (not at all required though) are Fermat's Little Theorem, Euler's totient function & Eueler's totient theorem. Highly unlikely to be tested but a very useful tool for remainder type questions.
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And what if k is a negative integer, like -5?
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