Bunuel
How many numbers greater than 4000 can be formed using the digits 3, 5, 7, 8, and 9 if the repetition of the digits is not allowed ?
A. 96
B. 120
C. 168
D. 192
E. 216
Solution:
Since there are 5 different digits, the numbers formed could have 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 digits. However, if the number is 3 digits or fewer, then it couldn’t be greater than 4000. On the other hand, if it has 5 digits, then it will be greater than 4000. Since there are 5 available digits, 5P5 = 120 five-digit numbers can be formed, and all of them are greater than 4000.
Finally, the number can be 4 digits, and there are 5P4 = 120 four-digit numbers can be formed. Of course, some of them are greater than 4000 and some are less than 4000. We see that the thousands digit of the number can be 3, 5, 7, 8, or 9, and only those with the thousands digit of 3 are less than 4000. In other words, 1/5 of the 120 four-digit numbers are less than 4000, and the remaining 4/5 of the 120 numbers, or 96 numbers, are greater than 4000.
Therefore, there are a total of 120 + 96 = 216 numbers are greater than 4000.
Answer: E