Last visit was: 18 Nov 2025, 20:03

It is currently 18 Nov 2025, 20:03

Toolkit

Practice Tests

Data Insights Questions

DI & IR Archive

GMAT Club Daily Prep

Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.

Go to My Error Log Learn more

Request Expert Reply

Confirm Cancel

Back to Forum

Create Topic

Integrated Reasoning( MultiSource Reasoning)

debabrata44

Joined: 05 Dec 2011

Last visit: 11 Aug 2012

Posts: 18

Own Kudos:

205

Given Kudos: 18

Posts: 18

Kudos: 205

24 Jul 2012, 21:04

Kudos

Bookmarks

https://www.gmatpill.com/gmat-practice-test/gmat-integrated-reasoning/multi-source-reasoning-questions/gmat-prep/Selling%20stockholders,%20users,%20and%20CAGR/question/1817

can anyone explain me 1st and last one ?

Thanks a lot in advance !!

mikemcgarry

Magoosh GMAT Instructor

Joined: 28 Dec 2011

Last visit: 06 Aug 2018

Posts: 4,479

Own Kudos:

30,531

[2]

Given Kudos: 130

Expert

Expert reply

Posts: 4,479

Kudos: 30,531

[2]

Updated on: 07 Aug 2012, 11:04

Originally posted by mikemcgarry on 25 Jul 2012, 09:15.
Last edited by mikemcgarry on 07 Aug 2012, 11:04, edited 1 time in total.

Kudos

Bookmarks

debabrata44

I'm happy to help with this. :-)

For the first one, the prompt says:
Facebook is offering 180,000,000 shares of Class A common stock and selling stockholders are offering 241,233,615 shares of Class A common stock. Closing of the offering is expected to occur on May 22, 2012, subject to customary closing conditions.
In addition, Facebook and the selling stockholders have granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to 63,185,042 additional shares of Class A common stock to cover over-allotments, if any.

So FB, the company itself, will sell 180,000,000 shares, and folks who already have FB shares (presumably investors and other insiders) will sell 241,233,615 shares.

The question asks:
The number of selling inside stockholders exceeds the number of new public investors on the day of the IPO.

Well, here's what we do know --- the number of shares sold by those selling inside stockholders (241,233,615) is less than the total number of shares offered for sale to new investors (180,000,000 + 241,233,615). More importantly, the question is not about the number of shares but about the number of actual people. Well, those 241,233,615 share sold by inside stockholders --- how many people owned those? We don't know, but typically those are owned by big money investors --- it may be that one individual could have plunked down some sizeable investment and wound up with, say 50,000,000 shares all by herself. There tend to be a small number of investors, each owning a gigantic number of shares. Now, thinking about the feeding frenzy when FB IPO'ed. Everyone's Aunt Jenny wanted to own a handful of shares. The number of new public investors was enormous, much much larger than the presumed number of big investors. Therefore, this statement is blatantly false. There's no way that there are more investors & insiders than general public investors, the great unwashed masses, all of whom want a piece of FB. Statement #1 is false.

The second question ask:
If the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) is defined as

[(ending value)/(beginning value)]^(1/n) - 1

where n is number of years, then the CAGR between October 2007 and September 2009 is in excess of 100%.

An intimidating looking question, but not actually too bad. We look at the second card "User Growth", and we see

Ending Value (September 2009) = 300

Starting Value (October 2007) = 50

Yes, those numbers are really in millions, but for a percent change, we don't need to have all the extra zeros --- we can just treat them as 300 and 50.

The time period technically is 23 months, or 1 and 11/12 of a year, but for simplicity, I am going to approximate that as 2 years, n = 2. Plugging in, we get:

CAGR = (300/50)^(1/2) - 1

Well, that ratio inside parentheses --- 300/50 = 30/5 = 6, so we have

CAGR = (300/50)^(1/2) - 1 = (6)^(1/2) - 1

Now, here, we could use the calculator, but I think it's much more efficient to approximate. When we take something to the 1/2 power, we are taking the square-root of it. The square root of twelve --- we don't need the exact value --- since 4 < 6 < 9, we know 2 < sqrt(6) < 3 --- it's a number between 2 and 3. When we subtract one, we will get a number between 1 and 2 for the value of the CAGR.

A CAGR = 1 would be 100% annual growth
A CAGR = 2 would be 200% annual growth
Here, we have a CAGR between 1 and 2, so it's more than 100% annual growth and less than 200% annual growth.

So, now, we can answer the question --- yes, absolutely, the CAGR between October 2007 and September 2009 is in excess of 100%. So, yes, the statement is true.

Does all this make sense?

Here's a video lesson you may find helpful:
https://gmat.magoosh.com/lessons/644-int ... -reasoning

Here's an IR eBook you may find helpful:
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-integ ... ing-ebook/

Let me know if you have any further questions.

Mike :-)

jayaddula

Joined: 03 Apr 2012

Last visit: 08 Feb 2014

Posts: 17

Own Kudos:

Given Kudos: 10

Posts: 17

Kudos: 27

30 Jul 2012, 08:21

Kudos

Bookmarks

Isn't the End of September 2009 value = 300? how did you get, Ending Value (September 2009) = 600?
Using either 300 or 600 doesn't change the answer though.

thanks a lot
Jay

mikemcgarry

debabrata44

I'm happy to help with this. :-)

For the first one, the prompt says:
Facebook is offering 180,000,000 shares of Class A common stock and selling stockholders are offering 241,233,615 shares of Class A common stock. Closing of the offering is expected to occur on May 22, 2012, subject to customary closing conditions.
In addition, Facebook and the selling stockholders have granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to 63,185,042 additional shares of Class A common stock to cover over-allotments, if any.

So FB, the company itself, will sell 180,000,000 shares, and folks who already have FB shares (presumably investors and other insiders) will sell 241,233,615 shares.

The question asks:
The number of selling inside stockholders exceeds the number of new public investors on the day of the IPO.

Well, here's what we do know --- the number of shares sold by those selling inside stockholders (241,233,615) is less than the total number of shares offered for sale to new investors (180,000,000 + 241,233,615). More importantly, the question is not about the number of shares but about the number of actual people. Well, those 241,233,615 share sold by inside stockholders --- how many people owned those? We don't know, but typically those are owned by big money investors --- it may be that one individual could have plunked down some sizeable investment and wound up with, say 50,000,000 shares all by herself. There tend to be a small number of investors, each owning a gigantic number of shares. Now, thinking about the feeding frenzy when FB IPO'ed. Everyone's Aunt Jenny wanted to own a handful of shares. The number of new public investors was enormous, much much larger than the presumed number of big investors. Therefore, this statement is blatantly false. There's no way that there are more investors & insiders than general public investors, the great unwashed masses, all of whom want a piece of FB. Statement #1 is false.

The second question ask:
If the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) is defined as

[(ending value)/(beginning value)]^(1/n) - 1

where n is number of years, then the CAGR between October 2007 and September 2009 is in excess of 100%.

An intimidating looking question, but not actually too bad. We look at the second card "User Growth", and we see

Ending Value (September 2009) = 600

Starting Value (October 2007) = 50

Yes, those numbers are really in millions, but for a percent change, we don't need to have all the extra zeros --- we can just treat them as 600 and 50.

The time period technically is 23 months, or 1 and 11/12 of a year, but for simplicity, I am going to approximate that as 2 years, n = 2. Plugging in, we get:

CAGR = (600/50)^(1/2) - 1

Well, that ratio inside parentheses --- 600/50 = 60/5 = 12, so we have

CAGR = (600/50)^(1/2) - 1 = (12)^(1/2) - 1

Now, here, we could use the calculator, but I think it's much more efficient to approximate. When we take something to the 1/2 power, we are taking the square-root of it. The square root of twelve --- we don't need the exact value --- since 9 < 12 < 16, we know 3 < sqrt(12) < 4 --- it's a number between 3 and 4. When we subtract one, we will get a number between 2 and 3 for the value of the CAGR.

A CAGR = 1 would be 100% annual growth
A CAGR = 2 would be 200% annual growth
Here, we have a CAGR between 2 and 3, so it's more than 200% annual growth

So, now, we can answer the question --- yes, absolutely, the CAGR between October 2007 and September 2009 is very much in excess of 100% ---in fact it's even in excess of 200%. So, yes, the statement is true.

Does all this make sense?

Here's a video lesson you may find helpful:
https://gmat.magoosh.com/lessons/644-int ... -reasoning

Here's an IR eBook you may find helpful:
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-integ ... ing-ebook/

Let me know if you have any further questions.

Mike :-)

shirisha091

Joined: 02 Aug 2012

Last visit: 07 Aug 2012

Posts: 3

Given Kudos: 15

Posts: 3

Kudos: 0

06 Aug 2012, 07:23

Kudos

Bookmarks

Great explanation! You really broke down the IR and made it simpler. Thanks so much

mikemcgarry

Magoosh GMAT Instructor

Joined: 28 Dec 2011

Last visit: 06 Aug 2018

Posts: 4,479

Own Kudos:

30,531

Given Kudos: 130

Expert

Expert reply

Posts: 4,479

Kudos: 30,531

07 Aug 2012, 11:02

Kudos

Bookmarks

jayaddula

Isn't the End of September 2009 value = 300? how did you get, Ending Value (September 2009) = 600?
Using either 300 or 600 doesn't change the answer though.
thanks a lot
Jay

Oops! Shuffling back and forth between this GC page and the GMAT Pill page where the problem was posted, apparently I misread or misremembered this number. Yes, absolutely, it should be 300, not 600. I'm going to correct it in my post. Thank you.

Mike :-)