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10 Dec 2024, 01:30
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Difficulty:
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80% (01:41) correct
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It is well established that surgical patients whose core body temperatures fall below 36 C (around 96.8 F) during surgery have much higher mortality rates than surgical patients whose core body temperatures remain above 36 C. Consequently, mortality rates could be significantly reduced during surgery if operating rooms were kept significantly warmer than they are presently kept under standard hospital guidelines, which call for temperatures of 21 C (around 69.8 F).
Which of the following, if true, argues most strongly against the view that surgical mortality rates could be reduced by raising operating room temperatures?
A. Surgical mortality rates are slightly higher during summer months than during winter months.
B. Delivery rooms tend to be kept at slightly higher temperatures than other operating rooms (around 24 C or 75.2 F) because premature babies are especially vulnerable to hypothermia.
C. It is more costly to maintain surgical equipment at temperatures above 21 C.
D. Nurses and medical technicians prefer working in room temperatures less than 24 C.
E. Manual dexterity and mental alertness tend to decline as the temperature rises above 21 C and more significantly so at temperatures above 24 C.
Which of the following, if true, argues most strongly against the view that surgical mortality rates could be reduced by raising operating room temperatures?
A. Surgical mortality rates are slightly higher during summer months than during winter months.
B. Delivery rooms tend to be kept at slightly higher temperatures than other operating rooms (around 24 C or 75.2 F) because premature babies are especially vulnerable to hypothermia.
C. It is more costly to maintain surgical equipment at temperatures above 21 C.
D. Nurses and medical technicians prefer working in room temperatures less than 24 C.
E. Manual dexterity and mental alertness tend to decline as the temperature rises above 21 C and more significantly so at temperatures above 24 C.
Azakura16
Joined: 17 May 2024
Last visit: 12 Mar 2025
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Location: United States (AR)
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10 Dec 2024, 08:58
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Quote:
It is well established that surgical patients whose core body temperatures fall below 36 C (around 96.8 F) during surgery have much higher mortality rates than surgical patients whose core body temperatures remain above 36 C. Consequently, mortality rates could be significantly reduced during surgery if operating rooms were kept significantly warmer than they are presently kept under standard hospital guidelines, which call for temperatures of 21 C (around 69.8 F).
Which of the following, if true, argues most strongly against the view that surgical mortality rates could be reduced by raising operating room temperatures?
A. Surgical mortality rates are slightly higher during summer months than during winter months.
B. Delivery rooms tend to be kept at slightly higher temperatures than other operating rooms (around 24 C or 75.2 F) because premature babies are especially vulnerable to hypothermia.
C. It is more costly to maintain surgical equipment at temperatures above 21 C.
D. Nurses and medical technicians prefer working in room temperatures less than 24 C.
E. Manual dexterity and mental alertness tend to decline as the temperature rises above 21 C and more significantly so at temperatures above 24 C.
Which of the following, if true, argues most strongly against the view that surgical mortality rates could be reduced by raising operating room temperatures?
A. Surgical mortality rates are slightly higher during summer months than during winter months.
B. Delivery rooms tend to be kept at slightly higher temperatures than other operating rooms (around 24 C or 75.2 F) because premature babies are especially vulnerable to hypothermia.
C. It is more costly to maintain surgical equipment at temperatures above 21 C.
D. Nurses and medical technicians prefer working in room temperatures less than 24 C.
E. Manual dexterity and mental alertness tend to decline as the temperature rises above 21 C and more significantly so at temperatures above 24 C.
Premise: Surgical patients whose core body temps fall below 36C during surgery have much higher mortality rates than patients whose core body temps remain above 36C.
Premise: Currently, standard hospital guidelines call for operating room temps of 21C.
Conclusion: Mortality rates could be significantly reduced during surgery if operating rooms were kept significantly warmer than they are now.
We’re looking to weaken the argument.
A. This is a trap answer. We’ve been given the operating room temps, so the season doesn’t matter.
B. This doesn’t weaken the argument. It’s talking about a different, specific population (premature babies) than the specific population (surgical patients) we’re concerned with.
C. Irrelevant. We’re not talking about cost in this example, but patient mortality.
D. Irrelevant. We’re not talking about medical personnel preferences.
E. Manual dexterity and mental alertness both seem very important for successful surgical operation. This weakens the argument.
Best answer is E.
05 Jan 2025, 06:00
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Bunuel
It is well established that surgical patients whose core body temperatures fall below 36 C (around 96.8 F) during surgery have much higher mortality rates than surgical patients whose core body temperatures remain above 36 C. Consequently, mortality rates could be significantly reduced during surgery if operating rooms were kept significantly warmer than they are presently kept under standard hospital guidelines, which call for temperatures of 21 C (around 69.8 F).
Which of the following, if true, argues most strongly against the view that surgical mortality rates could be reduced by raising operating room temperatures?
A. Surgical mortality rates are slightly higher during summer months than during winter months.
B. Delivery rooms tend to be kept at slightly higher temperatures than other operating rooms (around 24 C or 75.2 F) because premature babies are especially vulnerable to hypothermia.
C. It is more costly to maintain surgical equipment at temperatures above 21 C.
D. Nurses and medical technicians prefer working in room temperatures less than 24 C.
E. Manual dexterity and mental alertness tend to decline as the temperature rises above 21 C and more significantly so at temperatures above 24 C.
Which of the following, if true, argues most strongly against the view that surgical mortality rates could be reduced by raising operating room temperatures?
A. Surgical mortality rates are slightly higher during summer months than during winter months.
B. Delivery rooms tend to be kept at slightly higher temperatures than other operating rooms (around 24 C or 75.2 F) because premature babies are especially vulnerable to hypothermia.
C. It is more costly to maintain surgical equipment at temperatures above 21 C.
D. Nurses and medical technicians prefer working in room temperatures less than 24 C.
E. Manual dexterity and mental alertness tend to decline as the temperature rises above 21 C and more significantly so at temperatures above 24 C.
Official Explanation
The stem indicates that the answer choices will argue against the stimulus, so this is a Weaken question.
The stimulus states that operating rooms should be kept warmer than their current 21°C, since the mortality rate during surgery increases as body temperature decreases.
In order to weaken the proposal, find the answer choice that provides a disadvantage that the author may have overlooked.
If, as (E) asserts, manual dexterity and mental alertness go down as the operating room temperature is raised above 21°C, this would definitely weaken the plan to warm up the room. Few activities require more mental alertness and manual dexterity than performing surgery, so any potential gains that might be made by keeping patients warmer might be offset by the increased likelihood of surgical error.
(A) presents irrelevant information; there's no information about why surgical mortality rates are slightly higher in the summer, or even whether operating rooms are kept warmer or colder in the summer versus the winter.
(B) would, if anything, slightly strengthen the author's claim, because it suggests that some patients are very susceptible to cold, implying that warmer operating rooms would make sense.
(C) is completely irrelevant to the argument, as cost is not under consideration here.
(D) is also irrelevant to the argument. The concern here is with saving lives, not catering to the preferences of nurses and medical technicians.
