Average speed is calculated as total distance divided by total time. We know that the total time taken by John is 12 hours. Thus, to determine John's total average speed, we need to know the total distance he traveled.
Let's assess the sufficiency of each statement:
Statement 1 Alone: Knowing he traveled at 60 mph for 4 hours, we can calculate the distance for this portion of the trip. However, without information about the speed or time for the rest of the trip, we cannot determine the total distance or the overall average speed. This statement alone is insufficient.
Statement 2 Alone: This tells us he traveled at 50 mph for 8 hours, allowing us to calculate the distance for this part of the trip. Without knowing the speed or time for the other part of the trip, we cannot find the total distance or average speed. This statement alone is also insufficient.
Both Statements Combined: When we use both statements together, we know the speeds and times for the entire 12-hour trip (4 hours at 60 mph and 8 hours at 50 mph). With this information, we can calculate the total distance traveled and then find the average speed. Therefore, the combination of both statements is sufficient to answer the question.
Thus, both statements together are sufficient to determine John's total average speed.