Literary critic: Samuel Johnson argued that writers should refrain from attributing attractive qualities to immoral characters, since doing so increases the tendency of readers to emulate these characters. Works of fiction would be unrealistic, however, if writers were to follow Johnson's advice.Going through the passage, we see that the literary critic states the following conclusion:
Works of fiction would be unrealistic, however, if writers were to follow Johnson's advice. (to refrain from attributing attractive qualities to immoral characters)We also see that there's no support for that conclusion. It's just stated without any reason why it's true.
The conclusion is properly drawn in the literary critic's argument if which one of the following is assumed?The question asks, "which one of the following is assumed?"
So, since the passage provides no evidence to support the conclusion, what's assumed is that there is some evidence supporting that conclusion.
Accordingly, the correct answer will be the one that provides support for the conclusion.
(A) One-dimensional characters are less entertaining than well-rounded characters.The conclusion is that works would be "unrealistic" if writers were to refrain from attractive qualities to immoral characters.
The fact that the characters would not be entertaining has no bearing on whether they are realistic. So, this choice does not support the conclusion.
Eliminate.
(B) The attractive qualities of characters are more appealing than their immoral behavior.The critic's conclusion is not about what's appealing. It's about what's realistic.
So, this choice doesn't support the conclusion.
Eliminate.
(C) In reality, all bad people have some attractive qualities.This choice is just what we need.
After all, if, in reality, all bad people have some attractive qualities, then by refraining from attributing attractive qualities to immoral characters, writers would make those characters unrealistic.
So, this choice supports the conclusion.
Keep.
(D) In reality, it is difficult to emulate fictional characters.The critic is not arguing that readers would have difficulty emulating immoral characters to whom writers attribute attractive qualities.
So, the idea that it is difficult to emulate them doesn't support the conclusion.
Eliminate.
(E) It is rarely evident which qualities of fictional characters are intended to be attractive qualities.The critics point is not that people won't be able to tell which qualities of fictional immoral characters are attractive. The point is that, without those qualities, characters are not realistic.
So, this choice provides no support for the conclusion.
Eliminate.
Correct answer: C