Official Solution: A ship is 180 kilometers from shore when it springs a leak, letting in 3 metric tons of water every 8 minutes. The ship will sink once it takes in 90 metric tons of water. The ship’s pumps can remove 12 metric tons of water per hour. What speed should the ship maintain to reach the shore exactly as it reaches the point of sinking? A. 15 km/h
B. 18 km/h
C. 21 km/h
D. 24 km/h
E. 27 km/h
Leak rate = 3 every 8 minutes = \(\frac{60}{8} * 3 = 7.5 * 3 = 22.5\) tons/hour
Net water gain = \(22.5 - 12 = 10.5\) tons/hour
Time to reach 90 tons = \(\frac{90}{10.5} = \frac{60}{7}\) hours
Required speed = \(\frac{180}{(\frac{60}{7})} = 180 * \frac{7}{60} = 21\) km/h
Answer: C