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You cannot infer Most from Many. Hence B has to be wrong.
Tanishq3101
The conclusion most strongly supported by the passage is:
B. Most countries which were monarchic in Europe and North America at the beginning of the 18th century had a different form of government by the end of the 19th century.
Why B is correct:

  • The passage states that monarchy, though stable for centuries, came under increasing social pressure in the 18th and 19th centuries.
  • It also says that in many countries, this led to a complete change of regime.
  • This directly supports the idea that many monarchies transitioned to other forms of government during that period.
Why the others are less supported:

  • A assumes democracies replaced monarchies, but the passage doesn’t specify what form of government replaced them.
  • C introduces communism, which isn’t mentioned in the passage.
  • D is plausible but too vague and not directly supported by the passage.
  • E is likely true but is more of an inference than a direct conclusion from the given information.

Bunuel
Monarchy, a stable form of government for many centuries, came under greater and greater social pressure in the 18th and 19th centuries, in particular in Europe and in North America. In many countries, the end result was a complete change of regime.

Which of the following conclusions is most strongly supported by the information above?

A. By the end of the nineteenth century, most monarchies in Europe and North America were replaced by democracies.

B. Most countries which were monarchic in Europe and North America at the beginning of the 18th century had a different form of government by the end of the 19th century.

C. Though accepted in the twentieth century by certain countries, communism has philosophical and social roots dating to the 18th and 19th centuries.

D. There were many reasons for the regime changes of the 18th and 19th centuries.

E. You were more likely to live in a monarchy on the eve of the 18th century than you were on the eve of the 20th century.


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What is the answer to this question?
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@Bunuel

Please let me know if I am incorrect.

Option E states "You were more likely to live in a monarchy on the eve of the 18th century than you were on the eve of the 20th century."

But it is no where mentioned that the person referred belongs to "Europe and North America"

I think the answer choices need to be more specific. Option E to be mentioned as

"A person living in either Europe and North America is more likely to live in a monarchy on the eve of the 18th century than he/she was on the eve of the 20th century."

Then option E would be correct.

iamjatinagrawal
You cannot infer Most from Many. Hence B has to be wrong.
Tanishq3101
The conclusion most strongly supported by the passage is:
B. Most countries which were monarchic in Europe and North America at the beginning of the 18th century had a different form of government by the end of the 19th century.
Why B is correct:

  • The passage states that monarchy, though stable for centuries, came under increasing social pressure in the 18th and 19th centuries.
  • It also says that in many countries, this led to a complete change of regime.
  • This directly supports the idea that many monarchies transitioned to other forms of government during that period.
Why the others are less supported:

  • A assumes democracies replaced monarchies, but the passage doesn’t specify what form of government replaced them.
  • C introduces communism, which isn’t mentioned in the passage.
  • D is plausible but too vague and not directly supported by the passage.
  • E is likely true but is more of an inference than a direct conclusion from the given information.

Bunuel
Monarchy, a stable form of government for many centuries, came under greater and greater social pressure in the 18th and 19th centuries, in particular in Europe and in North America. In many countries, the end result was a complete change of regime.

Which of the following conclusions is most strongly supported by the information above?

A. By the end of the nineteenth century, most monarchies in Europe and North America were replaced by democracies.

B. Most countries which were monarchic in Europe and North America at the beginning of the 18th century had a different form of government by the end of the 19th century.

C. Though accepted in the twentieth century by certain countries, communism has philosophical and social roots dating to the 18th and 19th centuries.

D. There were many reasons for the regime changes of the 18th and 19th centuries.

E. You were more likely to live in a monarchy on the eve of the 18th century than you were on the eve of the 20th century.


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Can experts shed light on this one. As stats suggest B and E are selected by approx 50% test takers.
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Hello I am not expert but I can clearly say that B is not a good option since it says regime changes happened however we only know that it was under greater and greater pressure.
Su1206
Can experts shed light on this one. As stats suggest B and E are selected by approx 50% test takers.
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Question stem does speak about regime changes
ahddhah
Hello I am not expert but I can clearly say that B is not a good option since it says regime changes happened however we only know that it was under greater and greater pressure.
Su1206
Can experts shed light on this one. As stats suggest B and E are selected by approx 50% test takers.
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION



Monarchy, a stable form of government for many centuries, came under greater and greater social pressure in the 18th and 19th centuries, in particular in Europe and in North America. In many countries, the end result was a complete change of regime.

Which of the following conclusions is most strongly supported by the information above?



A. By the end of the nineteenth century, most monarchies in Europe and North America were replaced by democracies.

Incorrect.

This is an Inference Question, so it is made up of premises only; you need to find a conclusion stemming from those premises, or in other words, to take one small step forward and draw a conclusion:


Premise A: Monarchy was a stable form of government for many centuries, before the 18th.
+
Premise B: The monarchy came under a lot of social pressure in the 18th and 19th centuries.
+
Premise C: In many countries Monarchy was replaced by something else.
=
Conclusion: ?


We are told nothing of democracy as a form of government, so to infer anything having to do with democracy would require a leap, whereas we are looking for a small step.



B. Most countries which were monarchic in Europe and North America at the beginning of the 18th century had a different form of government by the end of the 19th century.

Incorrect.

We are indeed told that there were many regime changes(Premise C). However, many doesn't mean most. To infer that would be a leap, whereas we are looking to make a small step.



C. Though accepted in the twentieth century by certain countries, communism has philosophical and social roots dating to the 18th and 19th centuries.

Incorrect.

It makes no difference that this answer choice is historically correct. It is a new premise, which is not an acceptable answer in inference questions. Remember, we are looking for a conclusion, not a premise.



D. There were many reasons for the regime changes of the 18th and 19th centuries.

Incorrect.

We are told of only one reason for the regime changes: social pressure (Premise B). To conclude that there were many reasons is, therefore, a leap. Remember, we are looking for a small step forward.



E. You were more likely to live in a monarchy on the eve of the 18th century than you were on the eve of the 20th century.

Since some of the monarchies in the beginning of the 18th century weren't monarchies by the beginning of the 20th century, you were more likely to be living in a monarchy during the former rather than during the latter.

Note that this answer choice does rely on a certain unwritten assumption that the socio-political situation in the other parts of the world, outside Europe, is either unchanged, or reflects the same de-monarchizing trend that occurred in Europe. In this sense, answer choice E is less than perfect, but remember that in the GMAT it is frequently necessary to opt for the best answer choice among the five given, not the perfect answer choice.
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I dont think this a good quality question honestly. There is a lot wrong with E. For instance we dont know the situation in other parts of the world, Including Asia/Africa/South America. They could still be having monarchies or not. Hence it is not possible to infer that a person ON EARTH was more likely to be living in a monarchy or not. The Option needed to be more specific including people from those particular continents. Additionally I do agree that Many obviously does not mean most but it is tough to weigh which error is more significant. whether Many is closer to most or 2 continents representing the entire world is closer.
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