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Updated on: 06 Apr 2019, 11:33
Originally posted by EMPOWERgmatVerbal on 27 Jan 2019, 16:04.
Last edited by EMPOWERgmatVerbal on 06 Apr 2019, 11:33, edited 1 time in total.
Last edited by EMPOWERgmatVerbal on 06 Apr 2019, 11:33, edited 1 time in total.
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Hello Everyone!
Let's take a look at this question, one issue at a time, and narrow it down to the correct choice. To begin, here is the original question with the major differences between the options highlighted in orange:
More and more in recent years, cities are stressing the arts as a means to greater economic development and investing millions of dollars in cultural activities, despite strained municipal budgets and fading federal support.
(A) to greater economic development and investing
(B) to greater development economically and investing
(C) of greater economic development and invest
(D) of greater development economically and invest
(E) for greater economic development and the investment of
After a quick glance over the options, there are a few places we can focus on to narrow things down:
1. as a means to/of/for (idioms)
2. economic development / development economically (intended meaning)
3. investing / invest / the investment of (parallelism/verb choice)
Let's start with #1 on our list: as a means to/of/for. Each of these formats means something different, so we need to determine which one we'll need:
X as a means of Y = X is a type of Y
Memorization as a means of studying is not as efficient as you might think. (memorization is a type of studying)
X as a means to Y = X is a way to make Y happen
The soccer team runs 3 miles every day as a means to improve their endurance during games. (running is a way to improve their endurance)
X as a means for Y = not an idiom; eliminate any options that use this
Since the original sentence states that cities are stressing arts as a way to develop the economy and invest money, we need to use the phrase "X as a means to Y" for it to keep the intended meaning:
(A) to greater economic development and investing
(B) to greater development economically and investing
(C) of greater economic development and invest
(D) of greater development economically and invest
(E) for greater economic development and the investment of
We can eliminate options C & D because they use "X as a means of Y," which isn't what we need here. We can eliminate option E because "X as a means for Y" is not a correct idiom structure in English.
This only leaves us with 2 options, so let's look at #2 on our list: economic development vs. development economically. The words "economic" and "economically" mean two different things:
economic = adjective that refers to the economy
economically = adverb that means "cheaply or inexpensively" done
Let's see how each option handles this:
(A) to greater economic development and investing
This is CORRECT! The phrase "economic development" is what we're looking for here to show that stressing the arts will help to improve the economy.
(B) to greater development economically and investing
This is INCORRECT because the phrase "development economically" is not what we want here. This phrase means that stressing the arts will help development happen more cheaply, which isn't what the writer is trying to say.
There you go - option A was the correct choice all along!
Don't study for the GMAT. Train for it.
Let's take a look at this question, one issue at a time, and narrow it down to the correct choice. To begin, here is the original question with the major differences between the options highlighted in orange:
More and more in recent years, cities are stressing the arts as a means to greater economic development and investing millions of dollars in cultural activities, despite strained municipal budgets and fading federal support.
(A) to greater economic development and investing
(B) to greater development economically and investing
(C) of greater economic development and invest
(D) of greater development economically and invest
(E) for greater economic development and the investment of
After a quick glance over the options, there are a few places we can focus on to narrow things down:
1. as a means to/of/for (idioms)
2. economic development / development economically (intended meaning)
3. investing / invest / the investment of (parallelism/verb choice)
Let's start with #1 on our list: as a means to/of/for. Each of these formats means something different, so we need to determine which one we'll need:
X as a means of Y = X is a type of Y
Memorization as a means of studying is not as efficient as you might think. (memorization is a type of studying)
X as a means to Y = X is a way to make Y happen
The soccer team runs 3 miles every day as a means to improve their endurance during games. (running is a way to improve their endurance)
X as a means for Y = not an idiom; eliminate any options that use this
Since the original sentence states that cities are stressing arts as a way to develop the economy and invest money, we need to use the phrase "X as a means to Y" for it to keep the intended meaning:
(A) to greater economic development and investing
(B) to greater development economically and investing
(C) of greater economic development and invest
(D) of greater development economically and invest
(E) for greater economic development and the investment of
We can eliminate options C & D because they use "X as a means of Y," which isn't what we need here. We can eliminate option E because "X as a means for Y" is not a correct idiom structure in English.
This only leaves us with 2 options, so let's look at #2 on our list: economic development vs. development economically. The words "economic" and "economically" mean two different things:
economic = adjective that refers to the economy
economically = adverb that means "cheaply or inexpensively" done
Let's see how each option handles this:
(A) to greater economic development and investing
This is CORRECT! The phrase "economic development" is what we're looking for here to show that stressing the arts will help to improve the economy.
(B) to greater development economically and investing
This is INCORRECT because the phrase "development economically" is not what we want here. This phrase means that stressing the arts will help development happen more cheaply, which isn't what the writer is trying to say.
There you go - option A was the correct choice all along!
Don't study for the GMAT. Train for it.
23 May 2019, 06:32
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generis AjiteshArun VeritasKarishma chetan2u
I got stumped in recognizing correct parallelism and need your two cents.
More and more in recent years,
cities are stressing the arts (independent clause)
as a means
to greater economic development (noun)
and (parallel marker)
investing millions of dollars in cultural activities, (I considered investing as a verb-ing without any helping verb and thought to make it ||el to a noun and chose E since development and investment are ||el in E)
despite strained municipal budgets and fading federal support. (despite correctly followed by a phrase)
How do I make sure to know correct ||el elements in list since here we jumped across phrase - as a means to - to connect to main verbs : are stressing and (are) investing.
I got stumped in recognizing correct parallelism and need your two cents.
Quote:
As a first step, I usually split sentences in to its clauses:
More and more in recent years,
cities are stressing the arts (independent clause)
as a means
to greater economic development (noun)
and (parallel marker)
investing millions of dollars in cultural activities, (I considered investing as a verb-ing without any helping verb and thought to make it ||el to a noun and chose E since development and investment are ||el in E)
despite strained municipal budgets and fading federal support. (despite correctly followed by a phrase)
Quote:
How do I make sure to know correct ||el elements in list since here we jumped across phrase - as a means to - to connect to main verbs : are stressing and (are) investing.
23 May 2019, 06:41
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We have:
... cities are (a) stressing the arts as a means to greater economic development and (b) investing millions of dollars in cultural activities, despite strained municipal budgets and fading federal support.
We can't assume that economic development is parallel to investing, because "the arts" cannot be "a means to investing millions of dollars". The sentence says that cities are recognizing the usefulness of the arts, and that they are investing money in the arts even though their budgets are strained.
... cities are (a) stressing the arts as a means to greater economic development and (b) investing millions of dollars in cultural activities, despite strained municipal budgets and fading federal support.
We can't assume that economic development is parallel to investing, because "the arts" cannot be "a means to investing millions of dollars". The sentence says that cities are recognizing the usefulness of the arts, and that they are investing money in the arts even though their budgets are strained.
