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GmatStuck
Joined: 15 Sep 2021
Last visit: 03 Feb 2026
Posts: 59
Given Kudos: 15
Concentration: Finance
Schools: Columbia CBS '24 Haas '24 Wharton '24 Yale '24
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06 Feb 2025, 19:10
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A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
75%
(hard)
Question Stats:
48% (01:47) correct
52%
(01:52)
wrong
based on 246
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Patterson: Bone flutes dating to the Upper Paleolithic are the earliest evidence for music. Thus it is likely that music first arose during this period. Garza: But the Upper Paleolithic is exceptional for the intensive use of bone, which typically survives well in archaeological contexts, unlike other materials commonly used for musical instruments, such as wood.
Garza responds to Patterson by doing which one of the following?
(A) arguing that the body of evidence to which Patterson appeals is insufficient for Patterson’s purposes
(B) offering evidence to challenge the truth of the premise of Patterson’s argument
(C) presenting a counterexample to the general conclusion drawn in Patterson’s argument
(D) presenting an argument analogous to Patterson’s argument to reveal a potential flaw in Patterson’s reasoning
(E) using Patterson’s evidence to draw a conclusion inconsistent with the conclusion drawn in Patterson’s argument
Garza responds to Patterson by doing which one of the following?
(A) arguing that the body of evidence to which Patterson appeals is insufficient for Patterson’s purposes
(B) offering evidence to challenge the truth of the premise of Patterson’s argument
(C) presenting a counterexample to the general conclusion drawn in Patterson’s argument
(D) presenting an argument analogous to Patterson’s argument to reveal a potential flaw in Patterson’s reasoning
(E) using Patterson’s evidence to draw a conclusion inconsistent with the conclusion drawn in Patterson’s argument
15 Feb 2025, 05:23
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Why (A) is Correct
Patterson is using the oldest surviving evidence (bone flutes) to conclude that music began in the Upper Paleolithic.
Garza challenges the sufficiency of this evidence by pointing out that only bone instruments would have survived, while other musical materials (wood, etc.) might have existed earlier but decayed.
This directly supports (A): arguing that the body of evidence to which Patterson appeals is insufficient for Patterson’s purposes.
Why the Other Choices Are Wrong
(B) Offering evidence to challenge the truth of the premise of Patterson’s argument ❌
Garza does not dispute the premise (that bone flutes were found in the Upper Paleolithic). She accepts that fact but questions what can be concluded from it.
If she had said, “No, those bone flutes aren’t actually from the Upper Paleolithic,” then this answer would be correct.
(C) Presenting a counterexample to the general conclusion drawn in Patterson’s argument ❌
A counterexample would be evidence of music from an earlier period, proving Patterson wrong.
Garza does not provide any such example; she only suggests why earlier evidence might be missing.
(D) Presenting an argument analogous to Patterson’s argument to reveal a potential flaw in Patterson’s reasoning ❌
Garza does not make a parallel argument. She just criticizes Patterson’s conclusion by highlighting an alternative explanation.
An analogy would sound something like:
“Saying music started in the Upper Paleolithic because we found bone flutes is like saying humans started wearing clothes in the Upper Paleolithic just because we haven’t found older textiles.”
(E) Using Patterson’s evidence to draw a conclusion inconsistent with the conclusion drawn in Patterson’s argument ❌
Garza does not draw a different conclusion. She questions Patterson’s reasoning but does not offer her own definitive conclusion about when music actually started.
Patterson is using the oldest surviving evidence (bone flutes) to conclude that music began in the Upper Paleolithic.
Garza challenges the sufficiency of this evidence by pointing out that only bone instruments would have survived, while other musical materials (wood, etc.) might have existed earlier but decayed.
This directly supports (A): arguing that the body of evidence to which Patterson appeals is insufficient for Patterson’s purposes.
Why the Other Choices Are Wrong
(B) Offering evidence to challenge the truth of the premise of Patterson’s argument ❌
Garza does not dispute the premise (that bone flutes were found in the Upper Paleolithic). She accepts that fact but questions what can be concluded from it.
If she had said, “No, those bone flutes aren’t actually from the Upper Paleolithic,” then this answer would be correct.
(C) Presenting a counterexample to the general conclusion drawn in Patterson’s argument ❌
A counterexample would be evidence of music from an earlier period, proving Patterson wrong.
Garza does not provide any such example; she only suggests why earlier evidence might be missing.
(D) Presenting an argument analogous to Patterson’s argument to reveal a potential flaw in Patterson’s reasoning ❌
Garza does not make a parallel argument. She just criticizes Patterson’s conclusion by highlighting an alternative explanation.
An analogy would sound something like:
“Saying music started in the Upper Paleolithic because we found bone flutes is like saying humans started wearing clothes in the Upper Paleolithic just because we haven’t found older textiles.”
(E) Using Patterson’s evidence to draw a conclusion inconsistent with the conclusion drawn in Patterson’s argument ❌
Garza does not draw a different conclusion. She questions Patterson’s reasoning but does not offer her own definitive conclusion about when music actually started.
GmatStuck
Joined: 15 Sep 2021
Last visit: 03 Feb 2026
Posts: 59
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 15
Concentration: Finance
Schools: Columbia CBS '24 Haas '24 Wharton '24 Yale '24
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03 Mar 2025, 11:30
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Patterson: Bone flute from Upper Palaeolithic is an evidence music first rose in that era
Garza: Other materials don't last as long as bone - Directly undermining the premise of Patterson
Ans Analysis:
A: It questions the premise on which Patterson bases his conclusion. ✅
B: No evidence has been offered by garza
C: No counterexample has been offered
D: Garza didnot offere similar argument. which as per my understanding means no premise and conclusion was given by Garza as was given Patterson
E: Garza did not use Patterson's evidence to counter Him
Garza: Other materials don't last as long as bone - Directly undermining the premise of Patterson
Ans Analysis:
A: It questions the premise on which Patterson bases his conclusion. ✅
B: No evidence has been offered by garza
C: No counterexample has been offered
D: Garza didnot offere similar argument. which as per my understanding means no premise and conclusion was given by Garza as was given Patterson
E: Garza did not use Patterson's evidence to counter Him
