RC Passage is below:
Some modern anthropologists hold that biological
evolution has shaped not only human morphology but
also human behavior. The role those anthropologists
ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of
human behavior but one of imposing constraints—
ways of feeling, thinking, and acting that “come
naturally” in archetypal situations in any culture. Our
“frailties”—emotions and motives such as rage, fear,
greed, gluttony, joy, lust, love—may be a very mixed
assortment, but they share at least one immediate
quality: we are, as we say, “in the grip” of them. And
thus they give us our sense of constraints.
Unhappily, some of those frailties—our need for ever increasing
security among them—are presently
maladaptive. Yet beneath the overlay of cultural detail,
they, too, are said to be biological in direction, and
therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes. We
would need to comprehend thoroughly their adaptive
origins in order to understand how badly they guide us
now. And we might then begin to resist their pressure.
1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
present
A. a position on the foundations of human behavior -----> I found it imperfect
and on what those foundations imply
B. a theory outlining the parallel development of ----> not talked about human morphology
human morphology and of human behavior
C. a diagnostic test for separating biologically ---> out of context
determined behavior patterns from culture-specific
detail
D. a practical method for resisting the pressures of ----------> not talked
biologically determined drives
E. an overview of those human emotions and motives ----------> I think it should be the answer
that impose constraints on human behavior
2. The author implies that control to any extent
over the “frailties” that constrain our
behavior is thought to presuppose
A. that those frailties are recognized as currently
beneficial and adaptive
B. that there is little or no overlay of cultural detail
that masks their true nature
C. that there are cultures in which those frailties do
not “come naturally” and from which such control
can be learned
D. a full understanding of why those frailties evolved ------> ( We would need to comprehend thoroughly their
adaptive
origins in order to understand how badly they guide us now. And we might then begin to resist their pressure.
and of how they function now )
E. a thorough grasp of the principle that cultural
detail in human behavior can differ arbitrarily from
society to society
3. It can be inferred that in his discussion of
maladaptive frailties the author assumes
that
A. evolution does not favor the emergence of ---- > (some of those frailties—our need for ever increasing
security among them—are presently
maladaptive. Yet beneath the overlay of cultural detail,
they, too, are said to be biological in direction, and
therefore as natural to us as are our appendixes. We
would need to comprehend thoroughly their adaptive
origins in order to understand how badly they guide us
now.
adaptive characteristics over the emergence of
maladaptive ones
B. any structure or behavior not positively adaptive is
regarded as transitory in evolutionary theory
C. maladaptive characteristics, once fixed, make the
emergence of other maladaptive characteristics
more likely
D. the designation of a characteristic as being
maladaptive must always remain highly tentative
E. changes in the total human environment can
outpace evolutionary change
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So my answers are EDA.
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Please let me know if my answers are wrong / waiting for OA and OE
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