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Steve took 5 history exams during a semester. Each score was one of the
integers 1 through 100 inclusive. What was Steve's median score for these
5 exams?
(1) Steve's scores on the first 4 exams where 76, 87, 73, and 96, respectively,
and Steve's average (arithmetic mean) score on the last 3 exams was 89.
(2) Steve's scores on the first 3 exams were 76, 87, and 73, respectively,
and Steve's average (arithmetic mean) on all 5 exams was 86.
Easy question of a type that I keep making stupid mistakes on ...
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the max score possible is 100 hence the other score cannot be less than 91 which means for all possible values of the last 2 scores 87 remains the median
(1) Tells us that the scores on the first 4 exams were 76, 87, 73, and 96, respectively. Average on the last 3 exams was 89 and 3*89 is 267. Subtracting the scores from the 3rd and 4th exam which we were told, 267 - 73 - 96 = 98. So the scores in increasing order were:
73, 76, 87, 96, 98
and the median is 87.
Thus, (1) is sufficient.
(2) Tells us that the scores on the first 3 exams were 76, 87, and 73, respectively. Also we are told that the his average score was 86 and thus the total score of all 5 exams is 86 * 5 = 430. Subtracting the first three exams scores, 430 - 76 - 87 - 73, leaves 194 as the sum of the last two exams scores. Since the highest score possible is 100 there is no possible way to distribute the score across the two exams (i.e. 100/94, 99/95, ...) and get anything other than 87 as the median.
Thus, (2) is sufficient.
Still interested in this question? Check out the "Best Topics" block above for a better discussion on this exact question, as well as several more related questions.