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Studies have shown that an automobile that runs on a blend of 85% ethanol/15% gasoline gets better mileage than an otherwise similar car equipped with a gasoline engine. Many American legislators have concluded that an increase in tax incentives for ethanol production would lessen our dependence on foreign oil.

Which of the following, if true, casts the most doubt upon the validity of the legislators’ conclusion?

A. It takes 1.5 gallons of oil to produce 1 gallon of ethanol.

B. Electric cars are cheaper to operate than cars running on the ethanol fuel mix.

C. It costs thousands of dollars to retrofit an automobile to run on the ethanol fuel mix.

D. The ethanol/gasoline blend emits more pollution that regular gasoline.

E. The ethanol/gasoline blend has not been widely adopted in Europe.



OFFICIAL EXPLANATION



The legislators want to promote ethanol production in order to lessen our dependence on foreign oil. Any evidence that ethanol production would not
lessen our dependence on foreign oil would undermine the legislators' conclusion.

(A) CORRECT. If it takes 1.5 gallons of oil to make 1 gallon of ethanol, it is not clear that producing ethanol can help us to reduce our reliance on foreign oil.

(B) As long as many drivers prefer not to switch to electric cars, it is possible that the ethanol fuel mix will come into widespread use.

(C) Although it may be expensive to retrofit a non-ethanol vehicle, ethanol-ready new vehicles might constitute a large potential market for subsidized ethanol.

(D) This answer choice is irrelevant because the argument does not mention pollution.

(E) Without any information as to why the ethanol/gasoline blend has not been widely adopted in Europe, we cannot reach any conclusions that are relevant to the United States.
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