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nusmavrik
Between A and D

A : "in that" modifies "World War I" and doesn't modify the verb "brought". OUT

D : is perfect since it says brought respite for an unofficial ceasefire ----> "respite for" is correct

C changes the meaning because of usage of "when". You can interpret to mean that respite was brought by the armies themselves when they spread an unofficial ceasefire

Thanks a lot, it was really good explanation
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Between A and D , Chose D as it sounded better.
But thanks "nusmavrik" for an explanation that rocks !
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I think D is better because, B in my opinion, though structurally okay, changes the meaning by saying that the holiday caused the respite (by) spreading the unofficial ceasefire. The text simply says that an unofficial ceasefire spread along; it doesn’t indicate any agency doing it.

But parallelism is not involved in choice B. This is a simple sentence with one subject and one verb, and the ‘ing’ participle phrase is an adjectival modifier of what the entire clause before it stands for.
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2013gmat
can you plz explain the below question:
The Christmas holiday brought a brief respite to opposing armies during World War I in that an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914.

A. armies during World War I in that an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
B. armies during World War I, spreading an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
C. armies during World War I when they spread an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
D. armies during World War I, for an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
E. armies during World War I by the spread of an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914

Hi 2013gmat.

First of all, meaning is key for this question. The intended meaning is: The Christmas holiday brought a brief respite because an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western.

We have: as, in that, for, because, since can be use interchangeably. But GMAT prefers precision.

The Christmas holiday brought a brief respite to opposing armies during World War I in that an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914.

A. armies during World War I in that an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
Wrong. "in that" = "because", however GMAT considers "in that" over-formal. Moreover, for the same meaning, GMAT prefers more precise usage (because >>> in that)

B. armies during World War I, spreading an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
Wrong. Modifier problem. "spreading" is Verb-ing modifier + comma ==> modifies a preceding clause. The respite did not lead to an unofficial ceasefire. Wrong meaning.

C. armies during World War I when they spread an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
Wrong. Pronoun problem. "they" refers to whom?

D. armies during World War I, for an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
Correct. "for" = "because". So D keeps the intended meaning.

E. armies during World War I by the spread of an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
Wrong. Too wordy. In addition, GMAT prefers the order V-A-N (Verb-Adjective-Noun). If you can use verb, why you use a noun? Hence, E is incorrect.

Hope it helps.

What's wrong with E ?
Can we use V-A-N here, i mean in D. its A-N-V i think. Can you please give some examples for the correct usage of VAN.
thanks
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2013gmat

What's wrong with E ?
Can we use V-A-N here, i mean in D. its A-N-V i think. Can you please give some examples for the correct usage of VAN.
thanks

Hi mate.

D is better than E because:
in D: the second clause is: for/because an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
Main verb is "spread"

However, in E: "the spread" is noun. Clearly, verb always conveys better meaning than the noun from does.

*If you can use verb, --> let use verb, because verb form will convey better idea than noun form (of the verb) and be more concise.

For example: Verb is better than Noun.
Wordy: The townpeople's REVOLUTION WAS AGAINST the king.
Better: The townpeople REVOLTED AGAINST the king

For example: Adjective is better than Noun
Wordy: THERE IS AN ABUNDANCE OF funds for school construction
Better: Funds for school construction ARE ABUNDANT.

In short, GMAT prefer the order VERB >> ADJECTIVE >> NOUN

Hope it helps.
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2013gmat
can you plz explain the below question:
The Christmas holiday brought a brief respite to opposing armies during World War I in that an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914.

A. armies during World War I in that an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
B. armies during World War I, spreading an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
C. armies during World War I when they spread an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
D. armies during World War I, for an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
E. armies during World War I by the spread of an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914

Hi 2013gmat.

First of all, meaning is key for this question. The intended meaning is: The Christmas holiday brought a brief respite because an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western.

We have: as, in that, for, because, since can be use interchangeably. But GMAT prefers precision.

The Christmas holiday brought a brief respite to opposing armies during World War I in that an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914.

A. armies during World War I in that an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
Wrong. "in that" = "because", however GMAT considers "in that" over-formal. Moreover, for the same meaning, GMAT prefers more precise usage (because >>> in that)

B. armies during World War I, spreading an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
Wrong. Modifier problem. "spreading" is Verb-ing modifier + comma ==> modifies a preceding clause. The respite did not lead to an unofficial ceasefire. Wrong meaning.

C. armies during World War I when they spread an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
Wrong. Pronoun problem. "they" refers to whom?

D. armies during World War I, for an unofficial ceasefire spread along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
Correct. "for" = "because". So D keeps the intended meaning.

E. armies during World War I by the spread of an unofficial ceasefire along the Western Front on Christmas Eve, 1914
Wrong. Too wordy. In addition, GMAT prefers the order V-A-N (Verb-Adjective-Noun). If you can use verb, why you use a noun? Hence, E is incorrect.

Hope it helps.

Spreading or any ing modifier modifies the preceding clause and the subject of the main clause takes ownership of the ing word.Hence it is Christmas that will work on Spreading isnt it.

Let say if we write spreading a ceasefile , Christmas gave soldiers some rest. Please clarify
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