glagad
The researchers were particularly interested in the effects of airborne pollutants released during the fracking process, which include volatile organic compounds and radioactive particles.Now, if I were reading this as just another article for my knowledge, I wouldn't be bothered. However, according to SC rules, shouldn't the "
which" modifier refer to "
fracking process", whereas, it logically refers to "
airborne pollutants".
I wonder if reading too many articles from such sources would confuse me in the long run.
In fact, it's good that you have come across this sentence now. There is nothing wrong with the sentence. If this sentence were a SC answer and you eliminated it, your answer would probably be wrong.
WHICH always refers to something earlier in the sentence.
In most (almost all) correct answers in SC, WHICH follows a comma and refers to the word immediately before the comma.
So it is quite useful to consider this a rule. The rule works well in SC -- but not always. There are some official SC questions in which it does not.
In this sentence there are two reasons why WHICH cannot refer to
fracking process.
The first reason is what you said.
It makes no sense to say that the process includes "volatile organic compounds and radioactive particles". It makes more sense to say that pollutants include "volatile organic compounds and radioactive particles".
The second reason is grammatical.
Fracking process is singular. The writer has written
WHICH INCLUDE; that tells us WHICH refers to a plural noun. It cannot refer to
fracking process, which is singular. It can only refer to
pollutants.
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