Syllogism

Question

Statement: a)all actors are male
 b)some artists are males
 c)all singers are artists

Conclusion :1)some artist are actors 
 2)some singers are males 
 3)some males are actors
 4)no singers are males

a)only either 2 or 4 and 3 follow
 b)only either 2 or 4 and 1 follow
 c)only either 1 or 2 and 4 follow
 d)none follow
 e)none of these

The answer is (e) 
But I want to know why the answer is 'e' and not 'a'
Please explain your answers in detail.....
And can anyone tell me which method is best to solve syllogism queations?
Thank you

KarishmaB · Answer

The venn diagram of given statements can be made in different ways. All actors are male so the green circle must be inside the white circle. All singers are artists so the orange circle must be inside the red circle. Some artists are males so the red circle will intersect with the white circle. But we don't know whether the orange and white circle intersect or whether green and red intersect or whether green and orange intersect. The venn diagram can be made in various ways as shown. Ques3.jpg 1)some artist are actors Not necessary (Fig 2) 2)some singers are males Not necessary (Fig 2) 3)some males are actors Necessary 4)no singers are males Not necessary (Fig 1 and 3) So (3) definitely follows. Either 2 follows or 4 follows. Therefore, option (A), which says 'Either 2 follows or 4 and 3 follow' is not correct. 3 is not dependent on other statements. It definitely follows.

mac07 · Answer

okay ... So for 'Either 2 follows or 4 and 3 follow' (i.e option a) to be correct (3) should be dependent on (2) and (4) right ? I still find it confusing :cry:

please help

KarishmaB · Answer

No. Since we are given in statements that all actors are males, some males are definitely actors (there is at least one actor). So in any case, 3 follows. 3 holds irrespective of whether others hold or not. It is NOT DEPENDENT on any other conclusion. Conclusion 3 MUST hold in all cases.

Option (A) says "only either 2 or 4 and 3 follow"
So only either 2 follows OR 4 and 3 follow. It tells you that it is possible that only 2 follows. If 2 doesn't follow then 4 and 3 follow. But that is not accurate. This would be correct - 3 follows and either 2 follows or 4 follows.

mac07 · Answer

VeritasPrepKarishma
I think Im getting it .
I have got one more similar question -------->
Statements: (A) No apple is mango.
(B) All mangoes are fruits.
(C) All fruits are vegetarian.
Conclusion: I. No fruit is apple.
II. No vegetarian is apple.
III. Some vegetarians are mango.
IV. Some vegetarians are apples.

(a) None follows
(b) All follow
(c) Either II or IV and III follow
(d) Either II or III and I follow
(e) None of these

I. No fruit is apple.
Not necessary

II. No vegetarian is apple.
Not necessary

III. Some vegetarians are mango.
necessary

IV. Some vegetarians are apples.
Not necessary

So the answer is (e) None of these right?
Thank you replying

KarishmaB · Answer

Yes, you are right.

Also, note that the intent of the question writer is not very clear here. 
"Either II or IV and III follow"

Does it mean "either II or IV follows" and "III follows"
or does it mean "either II" or "III and IV follow"

Given as it is, I would interpret it in the second way because there is a much better way of framing the first one. `

mac07 · Answer

VeritasPrepKarishma  Thanks for your time and explanations.

kajaldaryani46 · Answer

Thanks for clarifying this concept! It becomes really easy with venn diagrams

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