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Does it matter which year between y-10 and y0 the 60 year old people died?

What is wrong with doing it this way?

Cumulative age 10 years ago: +231 years
10 years go by for net 8 people: + 80 years
2 people die at 60 & replaced by 0 years: -120 years
Ending period 191 years old / 8 people = ~23.9 years old
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Shortcut method:

Average 10 years ago: \(\frac{231 }{ 8} = 28.375\)

Overall increase in ages: 8 * 10 = 80
Overall decrease in ages: 60 + 60 = 120

hence, overall decrease is 120 - 80 = 40.

Average decrease : \(\frac{40 }{ 8} = 5\)

Current average: 28.375 - 5 = 23.875 = 24

Answer B



Long Method:

Ten years ago: Sum of ages of eight people = 231

Three years later, Sum should increase by 8 * 3 = 24. Therefore 231 + 24 = 255 [Total people = 8]

One member died (60 years) and child was born (0 years) = 255 - 60 + 0 = 195 [Total people = 8]

Another three years later, Sum should increase by 8 * 3 = 24. Therefore 195 + 24 = 219 [Total people = 8]

One member died (60 years) and child was born (0 years) = 219 - 60 + 0 = 159 [Total people = 8]

The current sum of age will increase by 8 * 4 = 32 as at the start we had a sum(231) ten years ago. And 6 years have passed.

=> 159 + 8*4 = 159 + 32 = 191

Current Average: \(\frac{191 }{ 8} = 24\)


Answer B
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