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Regenerate
03 May 2020, 22:41
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Diversity is more than skin color. It's more than geographical origin, religious inclinations or sexual preferences. It's aptitude and interests. It's life experience. It's demeanor and desire.
When I see MBA programs reference the % of women, international students or US minorities as the sole proxy for diversity, I know fundamentally something is off. People are more than just that. To me, this sort of analysis isn’t very respectful. I believe a good argument could be made that it is degrading.
So ... I took a stab at pulling a more well-rounded look at the diversity inherent in the top 25 US MBA programs.
To do that, I built three separate perspectives on diversity ... then averaged them ... then normalized them over a scale of 0-100 (sorta like the way USNWR scales the programs --- just that my scores (below) are only based on the top 25 programs ... so, the last school on the list will have a score of "0", whereas if I considered ALL schools offering an MBA, the 25th school on this list would almost assuredly not have a score of "0" for diversity).
Diversity Score #1 -- Diverse Institutional Capabilities. To consider this, I looked at the 13 academic specialties USNWR looks at ("who's got the best information systems program", etc. as ranked by administrators at OTHER programs). Generally, the more times a program is mentioned at having a 'top' program in a specialty by other schools, the better it would reference the intellectual and subject matter diversity among faculty, staff, the students attending and companies recruiting ... and ... the higher ranked a school was within a greater number of specialties, the More this particular portion of the aggregated diversity score would go up. Lastly, I also considered some of these academic specialties more 'core' and others in more of a supporting role. For this analysis, I considered Entrepreneurship, Management, Marketing, Accounting, Finance, Operations and Business Analytics are core; Global Business, Non-Profit, Project Management, Real Estate, Info Systems and Supply Chain are supporting. If you did it, you might have ordered the priorities differently, and that would be just fine. But, I did it this way... Since balance Is a cousin idea to diversity, schools with a good balance between core and supporting strengths would also score more highly.
Diversity Score #2 -- Academic Diversity. To build this, I looked at average undergraduate GPAs, average GMAT scores and average work experience. Simply, the numbers are important ... but ... nobody is only one number. Sometimes having more birthdays is more important to delivering value to a client, partner or co-worker. Sometimes it's about intellectual horsepower. Sometimes both. Sometimes neither ... which is why we're also looking at other sources of diversity.
Diversity Score #3 -- Background Diversity. This looks at each schools' relative % of women, international students, and US minorities ... then ... averages these relative percentages and normalizes the score. Then, this score (which is typically the main inputs used for determining inclinations of diversity, is combined with other two immediately above.
So, to come up with a composite diversity score for a school, all three diversity scores are averaged, then the averages are scaled from 0-100. The list below is shown with their ranking, the combined 0-100 score for the three areas, then the school name, then each of their sub-scores -- and, I also put them into tiers based on natural breaks in the results. So, without further adieu, here's the list.
Tier I
#1 -- 100.0 -- Stanford - (100.0 / 85.3 / 100.0) ... to help read this, Stanford got the best score in the Diverse Institutional Capabilities & Background Diversity scores, and 5th in Academic Diversity (generally, got dinged for a low work experience score)
#2 -- 97.5 -- Wharton - (99.2 / 84.5 / 94.9)
Tier 2
#3 -- 91.7 -- Columbia - (86.9 / 84.5 /96.9)
Tier 3
#4 -- 84.7 -- Harvard - (78.9 / 85.8 / 80.9) ... a very tight range ... they’re diverse from many different perspectives, and nearly equally so across the board
#5 -- 84.6 -- Berkeley (Haas) - (86.0 / 100.0 / 59.6) ... Haas has the best combination of high scores AND balanced scores for undergrad GPA, GMAT and work experience, hence their 100.0 score in Academic Diversity ...
#6 -- 81.2 -- Northwestern (Kellogg) - (83.1 / 82.7 / 71.0)
#7 -- 80.9 -- USC (Marshall) - (64.1 / 94.8 / 77.0)
#8 -- 80.7 -- MIT (Sloan) - (77.3 / 79.9 / 78.2) ... their diversity was very well balanced vs their peers ... nothing lopsided ...which I believes underscores their steady rise up the conventional USNWR rankings over the past decade, fwiw ... they’re drawing a diverse pool of people with a variety of ideas and interests, and recruiters are recognizing it, drawing more students to apply, etc.
Tier 4
#9 -- 74.2 -- Texas (McCombs) - (90.7 / 72.3 / 55.8)
#10 -- 73.5 -- Chicago (Booth) - (69.2 / 82.7 / 64.8)
#11 -- 71.6 -- Michigan (Ross) - (90.9 / 56.9 / 64.3)
#12 -- 70.7 -- Yale SOM - (36.3 / 95.4 / 77.8) ... Yale SOM was the lowest overall ranked school to have any component above 90 ...
Tier 5
#13 -- 66.7 -- Duke (Fuqua) - (75.9 / 62.4 / 61.1)
#14 -- 66.1 -- NYU (Stern) - (77.2 / 70.2 / 50.4)
Tier 6
#15 -- 48.5 -- UCLA (Anderson) - (46.8 / 56.9 / 48.8)
Tier 7
#16 -- 43.7 -- Carnegie Mellon (Tepper) - (65.4 / 25.4 / 49.2)
#17 -- 41.0 -- Indiana (Kelley) - (80.8 / 6.6 / 45.6) ... Kelley was the lowest overall ranked school to have any component above 80 (In part because they had the second worst Academic Diversity score (which was primarily a function of having both materially lower than average GPA and GMAT scores vs the other top 25 programs; they do report a good WE, though)
#18 -- 40.3 -- Dartmouth (Tuck) - (17.3 / 63.7 / 50.2)
#19 -- 38.0 -- Cornell (Johnson) - (59.1 / 21.7 / 44.4)
#20 -- 36.1 -- Virginia (Darden) - (34.5 / 30.5 / 55.4)
#21 -- 34.6 -- Washington (Foster) - (32.6 / 46.8 / 37.0)
#22 -- 32.2 -- Rice (Jones) - (12.0 / 30.3 / 67.8)
Tier 8
#23 -- 27.9 -- Emory (Guizueta) - (41.4 / 15.2 / 42.5)
#24 -- 19.4 -- UNC (Kenan-Flagler) - (56.1 / 21.0 / 0.0)
#25 -- 0.0 -- Georgetown (McDonough) - (0.0 / 0.0 / 27.1)
.................
Takeaways:
1) Balanced diversity ... three schools (Harvard, MIT and UCLA) were so balanced in their diversity scores that each constituent score was within a band of 10. Stanford, Wharton, Columbia, Kellogg, Fuqua, and Washington (Foster) were so balanced, their scores were in a band of 15.
2) Diffuse diversity ... schools (Haas, Yale, Kelley, Tuck, Jones and Kenan-Flagler had a range of at least 40 between their highest and lowest scores.
3) Ten scores were registered that exceeded 90 on one area ... and ... 21 instances of a score of 80 or more.
4) Seven scores under 20 were recorded ... and ... only four constituent scores were registered under 10. This indicates there are a few negative outliers, and a greater number of higher performers. It’s not a Gaussian data set; strong negative skew...
5) Indiana holds the interesting bit of tension in that they were, simultaneously, the lowest overall ranked school with any constituent score above 80 ... and ... the highest rated school with any constituent score below 20. If their GPA and GMAT averages would go up, IMO, they’d have a good chance to move their overall USNWR ranking into the middle teens consistently.
When I see MBA programs reference the % of women, international students or US minorities as the sole proxy for diversity, I know fundamentally something is off. People are more than just that. To me, this sort of analysis isn’t very respectful. I believe a good argument could be made that it is degrading.
So ... I took a stab at pulling a more well-rounded look at the diversity inherent in the top 25 US MBA programs.
To do that, I built three separate perspectives on diversity ... then averaged them ... then normalized them over a scale of 0-100 (sorta like the way USNWR scales the programs --- just that my scores (below) are only based on the top 25 programs ... so, the last school on the list will have a score of "0", whereas if I considered ALL schools offering an MBA, the 25th school on this list would almost assuredly not have a score of "0" for diversity).
Diversity Score #1 -- Diverse Institutional Capabilities. To consider this, I looked at the 13 academic specialties USNWR looks at ("who's got the best information systems program", etc. as ranked by administrators at OTHER programs). Generally, the more times a program is mentioned at having a 'top' program in a specialty by other schools, the better it would reference the intellectual and subject matter diversity among faculty, staff, the students attending and companies recruiting ... and ... the higher ranked a school was within a greater number of specialties, the More this particular portion of the aggregated diversity score would go up. Lastly, I also considered some of these academic specialties more 'core' and others in more of a supporting role. For this analysis, I considered Entrepreneurship, Management, Marketing, Accounting, Finance, Operations and Business Analytics are core; Global Business, Non-Profit, Project Management, Real Estate, Info Systems and Supply Chain are supporting. If you did it, you might have ordered the priorities differently, and that would be just fine. But, I did it this way... Since balance Is a cousin idea to diversity, schools with a good balance between core and supporting strengths would also score more highly.
Diversity Score #2 -- Academic Diversity. To build this, I looked at average undergraduate GPAs, average GMAT scores and average work experience. Simply, the numbers are important ... but ... nobody is only one number. Sometimes having more birthdays is more important to delivering value to a client, partner or co-worker. Sometimes it's about intellectual horsepower. Sometimes both. Sometimes neither ... which is why we're also looking at other sources of diversity.
Diversity Score #3 -- Background Diversity. This looks at each schools' relative % of women, international students, and US minorities ... then ... averages these relative percentages and normalizes the score. Then, this score (which is typically the main inputs used for determining inclinations of diversity, is combined with other two immediately above.
So, to come up with a composite diversity score for a school, all three diversity scores are averaged, then the averages are scaled from 0-100. The list below is shown with their ranking, the combined 0-100 score for the three areas, then the school name, then each of their sub-scores -- and, I also put them into tiers based on natural breaks in the results. So, without further adieu, here's the list.
Tier I
#1 -- 100.0 -- Stanford - (100.0 / 85.3 / 100.0) ... to help read this, Stanford got the best score in the Diverse Institutional Capabilities & Background Diversity scores, and 5th in Academic Diversity (generally, got dinged for a low work experience score)
#2 -- 97.5 -- Wharton - (99.2 / 84.5 / 94.9)
Tier 2
#3 -- 91.7 -- Columbia - (86.9 / 84.5 /96.9)
Tier 3
#4 -- 84.7 -- Harvard - (78.9 / 85.8 / 80.9) ... a very tight range ... they’re diverse from many different perspectives, and nearly equally so across the board
#5 -- 84.6 -- Berkeley (Haas) - (86.0 / 100.0 / 59.6) ... Haas has the best combination of high scores AND balanced scores for undergrad GPA, GMAT and work experience, hence their 100.0 score in Academic Diversity ...
#6 -- 81.2 -- Northwestern (Kellogg) - (83.1 / 82.7 / 71.0)
#7 -- 80.9 -- USC (Marshall) - (64.1 / 94.8 / 77.0)
#8 -- 80.7 -- MIT (Sloan) - (77.3 / 79.9 / 78.2) ... their diversity was very well balanced vs their peers ... nothing lopsided ...which I believes underscores their steady rise up the conventional USNWR rankings over the past decade, fwiw ... they’re drawing a diverse pool of people with a variety of ideas and interests, and recruiters are recognizing it, drawing more students to apply, etc.
Tier 4
#9 -- 74.2 -- Texas (McCombs) - (90.7 / 72.3 / 55.8)
#10 -- 73.5 -- Chicago (Booth) - (69.2 / 82.7 / 64.8)
#11 -- 71.6 -- Michigan (Ross) - (90.9 / 56.9 / 64.3)
#12 -- 70.7 -- Yale SOM - (36.3 / 95.4 / 77.8) ... Yale SOM was the lowest overall ranked school to have any component above 90 ...
Tier 5
#13 -- 66.7 -- Duke (Fuqua) - (75.9 / 62.4 / 61.1)
#14 -- 66.1 -- NYU (Stern) - (77.2 / 70.2 / 50.4)
Tier 6
#15 -- 48.5 -- UCLA (Anderson) - (46.8 / 56.9 / 48.8)
Tier 7
#16 -- 43.7 -- Carnegie Mellon (Tepper) - (65.4 / 25.4 / 49.2)
#17 -- 41.0 -- Indiana (Kelley) - (80.8 / 6.6 / 45.6) ... Kelley was the lowest overall ranked school to have any component above 80 (In part because they had the second worst Academic Diversity score (which was primarily a function of having both materially lower than average GPA and GMAT scores vs the other top 25 programs; they do report a good WE, though)
#18 -- 40.3 -- Dartmouth (Tuck) - (17.3 / 63.7 / 50.2)
#19 -- 38.0 -- Cornell (Johnson) - (59.1 / 21.7 / 44.4)
#20 -- 36.1 -- Virginia (Darden) - (34.5 / 30.5 / 55.4)
#21 -- 34.6 -- Washington (Foster) - (32.6 / 46.8 / 37.0)
#22 -- 32.2 -- Rice (Jones) - (12.0 / 30.3 / 67.8)
Tier 8
#23 -- 27.9 -- Emory (Guizueta) - (41.4 / 15.2 / 42.5)
#24 -- 19.4 -- UNC (Kenan-Flagler) - (56.1 / 21.0 / 0.0)
#25 -- 0.0 -- Georgetown (McDonough) - (0.0 / 0.0 / 27.1)
.................
Takeaways:
1) Balanced diversity ... three schools (Harvard, MIT and UCLA) were so balanced in their diversity scores that each constituent score was within a band of 10. Stanford, Wharton, Columbia, Kellogg, Fuqua, and Washington (Foster) were so balanced, their scores were in a band of 15.
2) Diffuse diversity ... schools (Haas, Yale, Kelley, Tuck, Jones and Kenan-Flagler had a range of at least 40 between their highest and lowest scores.
3) Ten scores were registered that exceeded 90 on one area ... and ... 21 instances of a score of 80 or more.
4) Seven scores under 20 were recorded ... and ... only four constituent scores were registered under 10. This indicates there are a few negative outliers, and a greater number of higher performers. It’s not a Gaussian data set; strong negative skew...
5) Indiana holds the interesting bit of tension in that they were, simultaneously, the lowest overall ranked school with any constituent score above 80 ... and ... the highest rated school with any constituent score below 20. If their GPA and GMAT averages would go up, IMO, they’d have a good chance to move their overall USNWR ranking into the middle teens consistently.
03 May 2020, 23:17
Kudos
Bookmarks
Thanks so much for posting it! This is awesome!!!
Happy to move to the Bschool application forum where it seems to more likely fit in. I will leave a shortcut in this forum too.
Posted from my mobile device
Happy to move to the Bschool application forum where it seems to more likely fit in. I will leave a shortcut in this forum too.
Posted from my mobile device
Regenerate
03 May 2020, 23:21
Kudos
Bookmarks
Elsewhere in this forum, a couple of weeks ago, I published a look at 20 years of USNWR rankings.
The top schools’ average rankings for the last 20 years from that thread are averaged with their ranking above and are shown below ... if a school was ranked 5th on one list and 10th on another, they’d get a 7.5 below:
1.5 - Stanford GSB
2.5 - Harvard
2.5 - Penn (Wharton)
5.5 - Columbia
5.5 - Northwestern (Kellogg)
6.0 - Berkeley (Haas)
6.0 - MIT (Sloan)
8.0 - Chicago (Booth)
11.0 - Michigan (Ross)
11.5 - Duke (Fuqua)
12.0 - Yale SOM
13.5 - Dartmouth (Tuck)
13.5 - NYU (Stern)
13.5 - Texas (McCombs)
15.0 - UCLA (Anderson)
16.5 - Carnegie Mellon (Tepper)
17.0 - Virginia (Darden)
17.5 - Cornell (Johnson)
21.5 - UNC (Kenan-Flagler)
21.5 - Emory (Goizueta)
.........
Ranked in top 25 in the diversity ranking above, but not in the retrospective top 20, shown in descending order of their diversity rank:
7 - USC (Marshall)
17 - Indiana (Kelley)
21 - Washington (Foster)
22 - Rice (Jones)
25 - Georgetown (McDonough)
The top schools’ average rankings for the last 20 years from that thread are averaged with their ranking above and are shown below ... if a school was ranked 5th on one list and 10th on another, they’d get a 7.5 below:
1.5 - Stanford GSB
2.5 - Harvard
2.5 - Penn (Wharton)
5.5 - Columbia
5.5 - Northwestern (Kellogg)
6.0 - Berkeley (Haas)
6.0 - MIT (Sloan)
8.0 - Chicago (Booth)
11.0 - Michigan (Ross)
11.5 - Duke (Fuqua)
12.0 - Yale SOM
13.5 - Dartmouth (Tuck)
13.5 - NYU (Stern)
13.5 - Texas (McCombs)
15.0 - UCLA (Anderson)
16.5 - Carnegie Mellon (Tepper)
17.0 - Virginia (Darden)
17.5 - Cornell (Johnson)
21.5 - UNC (Kenan-Flagler)
21.5 - Emory (Goizueta)
.........
Ranked in top 25 in the diversity ranking above, but not in the retrospective top 20, shown in descending order of their diversity rank:
7 - USC (Marshall)
17 - Indiana (Kelley)
21 - Washington (Foster)
22 - Rice (Jones)
25 - Georgetown (McDonough)
...
