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17 Mar 2025, 22:18
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D
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50% (02:37) correct
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Some might perhaps find it hard to accept that emotions have a cognitive component. It might seem as if an emotion as primal as, say, grief has nothing to do with cognition. After all, a cow separated from her calf feels grief; are we to ascribe a cognitive component to her moos of distress? Nussbaum would simply answer yes. The cow cannot of course express her grief in the form of a proposition. Nevertheless, her grief arises from knowledge. She knows her calf is important to her, she knows her calf is missing, and she knows this is outside her control (that is why she grieves).
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument in the passage?
A) Grief, as a response to loss, is common among animals, but there is no scientific evidence to suggest that these animals possess the cognitive ability to recognize the significance of their relationships or the absence of control.
B) There is a significant difference between animal grief and human grief in that animals experience a primal, emotional response to separation without any higher-level cognitive awareness of the situation.
C) While some animals experience grief, they do so in a way that is largely driven by instinctual behavior and not based on understanding the emotional consequences of their actions or the implications of loss.
D) Studies on animal emotions indicate that grief is likely an instinctual response, triggered by a loss, without the animal understanding why they feel distress or having any conscious knowledge of the significance of the loss.
E) The grieving behavior in animals, such as cows, is often observed to occur under specific environmental conditions, suggesting that grief may be more closely linked to environmental triggers than to any cognitive understanding of the situation.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument in the passage?
A) Grief, as a response to loss, is common among animals, but there is no scientific evidence to suggest that these animals possess the cognitive ability to recognize the significance of their relationships or the absence of control.
B) There is a significant difference between animal grief and human grief in that animals experience a primal, emotional response to separation without any higher-level cognitive awareness of the situation.
C) While some animals experience grief, they do so in a way that is largely driven by instinctual behavior and not based on understanding the emotional consequences of their actions or the implications of loss.
D) Studies on animal emotions indicate that grief is likely an instinctual response, triggered by a loss, without the animal understanding why they feel distress or having any conscious knowledge of the significance of the loss.
E) The grieving behavior in animals, such as cows, is often observed to occur under specific environmental conditions, suggesting that grief may be more closely linked to environmental triggers than to any cognitive understanding of the situation.
18 Mar 2025, 02:58
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C &D seems pretty similar to me. Can someone explain why D is better than C?
18 Mar 2025, 05:51
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sayantan151996
Explanation of the Options:
Option A: This choice weakens the argument by directly attacking the core idea that emotions like grief in animals have a cognitive component. If there is no evidence of animals having cognitive awareness of the significance of relationships or control, the argument that grief arises from knowledge becomes questionable.
Option B: While this option presents a difference between animal and human grief, it does not directly weaken the specific claim about animal grief involving cognition. It is possible that animal grief, while different from human grief, still involves some level of cognitive processing. Therefore, this option is less effective at weakening the argument than others.
Option C: This option asserts that grief in animals is driven by instinct rather than cognition. It suggests that the grief response might be more automatic and less reliant on knowledge or understanding, which directly challenges the passage’s claim that grief arises from the cow’s awareness of loss and lack of control.
Option D: This option presents evidence that grief in animals is primarily instinctual and not cognitively driven, which directly undermines the argument in the passage that animal grief involves cognition (such as knowledge of importance and control). This would significantly weaken the author’s argument about the cognitive nature of animal grief.
Option E: This option argues that environmental triggers, rather than cognitive awareness, might explain the grieving behavior in animals. While this weakens the passage’s argument about the cognitive component of grief, it doesn’t necessarily undermine the claim about cognition being a crucial part of the grief response. The environmental explanation could be compatible with the idea that cognition still plays a role in how animals process grief, so this option is less impactful than Option D.
