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To be solved using conditional probability because statement "If at least one die shows a prime number" is a prerequisite.
Let A=Probability that both die show prime numbers
Let B=Probability that atleast one die shows a prime number
Question is essentially asking Probability (A|B) = Probability (A)/Probability (B)
Favorable outcomes of prime=2,3,5
Probability (A) = 3/6 x 3/6 = 9/36
since two dies rolled

Using mutually exclusive principle
Probability (B) = 1- Probability (None are prime)
1- (3/6 x 3/6)
= 1 - 9/36
=27/36

Final ans = (9/36)/(27/36) = 1/3
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Probability of getting a prime number from 1-6 is 1/2 (2,3,5) and non prime is also 1/2

There are three cases where

Die 1 is prime, Die 2 is non prime
Die 1 is non prime, Die 2 is prime
Both the dies are prime.

Since the probability of getting prime and non prime numbers are same, the probability of getting the third case is simply 1/3

Therefore, Option B
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Bunuel
A pair of fair six-sided dice is rolled once. If at least one die shows a prime number, what is the probability that both dice show prime numbers?

A. 1/4
B. 1/3
C. 1/2
D. 2/3
E. 3/4

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My solution is
Each dice has (1,2,3,4,5,6).. prime numbers being 2,3,5.

Total number of outcomes is 6x6 = 36.
Outcomes where there is no prime(1,4,6) is = 3x3 = 9.
Total favourable outcomes (with one or two primes ) = 36-9= 27.
outcomes where dice shows 2 prime numbers = 3x3 = 9.

hence probability is 9/27 = 1/3 ..answer B.
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b.1/3

as probability of 1 die getting prime numbers(2,3,5)=3/6
given one event is fixed
so, both dice getting 1 prime number is = 3/6=>1/3
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Answer b:1/3

Probability of prime number 2,3,5 on one dice is 3/6 or 1/2, on two dice is 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/4

Probability of at least one die showing prime number is total probability - probability of no prime numbers.
Total probabiliity two dice each with 6 outcomes is 6x6=36
Probability of no prime numbers 1,4,6 is 3 for one dice, for two it is 3 x 3 =9
Probability of at least one die showing prime number is 36 - 9 = 27

27/36 = 3/4

Probability of both prime / probability of at least one prime
1/4 over 3/4
equals 1/3




Bunuel
A pair of fair six-sided dice is rolled once. If at least one die shows a prime number, what is the probability that both dice show prime numbers?

A. 1/4
B. 1/3
C. 1/2
D. 2/3
E. 3/4

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Prime no of 6 die= 2,3,5
rolling it twice= 6x6= 36 outcomes
prime choices are 3= 3x3=9 so both primes = 9/36
outcome where where at least 1 die is prime,
no primes are 1,4,6 also = 3 x3=9
so 36 outcomes - 9=27
=27/36 so 9/36 divide 27/36= 9/27
Answer is 1/3
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Bunuel
A pair of fair six-sided dice is rolled once. If at least one die shows a prime number, what is the probability that both dice show prime numbers?

A. 1/4
B. 1/3
C. 1/2
D. 2/3
E. 3/4

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Usually, the total number of possible outcomes for rolling 2 six-sided die is \(6*6=36\). There are 3 non-prime numbers on each die though, so we can eliminate those - \(3*3=9\), \(36-9=27\). That's our denominator.

Now just looking at the primes, we have 3 primes on each die which are the possible outcomes. \(3*3=9\). This is our numerator.

Probability is \(\frac{favourable outcomes}{possible outcomes}=\frac{9}{27}=1/3\)

Thus answer is B.
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prime no. = 2,3,5
total combinations = 6*6=36
at least one prime = total - both nonprime = 36-(3*3) = 27
both prime = 3*3 =9
reqd. Prob = 9/27 =1/3

Ans B
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Non Primes => 1,4,6
Primes => 2,3,5

Total outcomes = Total number of outcomes - outcomes of both dice being non prime = 36 - 9 = 27
Total favourable outcomes = Both primes = 9

P(Both primes) = 9/27 = 1/3

Answer B
Bunuel
A pair of fair six-sided dice is rolled once. If at least one die shows a prime number, what is the probability that both dice show prime numbers?

A. 1/4
B. 1/3
C. 1/2
D. 2/3
E. 3/4

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Lets start by calculating Total number of outcomes
Case 1- Die 1 Prime Die 2 non prime
3 * 3 = 9
Case 2- Die 1 non prime Die 2 prime
3 * 3 =9
Case 3 both prime
3 * 3 = 9

therefore total= 27

favourable = 9
final answer = 9/27 = 1/3 (B)
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Bunuel
A pair of fair six-sided dice is rolled once. If at least one die shows a prime number, what is the probability that both dice show prime numbers?

A. 1/4
B. 1/3
C. 1/2
D. 2/3
E. 3/4

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A pair of fair dice is thrown. So, if we throw TWO dice’s the number of sample space = 36

A dice can take the following values {1,2,3,4,5,6}.

Prime number = (2,3,5)

Non prime = (1,4,6)

If at least one dice shows prime = ?

= 36- none of the dice shows prime

= 36 -( 3c1 * 3c1)

= 36 - 9

= 27.

so, the new sample space = 27.

Probability that both dice are showing PRIME numbers

= (3C1 * 3C1) / (27)

= 9/27

= 1/3

Option B
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prime number: 2,3,5
Probability prime number in one dice: 3/6=1/2
Probability prime number in two dice: 1/2 * 1/2 = 1/4 (A)
Bunuel
A pair of fair six-sided dice is rolled once. If at least one die shows a prime number, what is the probability that both dice show prime numbers?

A. 1/4
B. 1/3
C. 1/2
D. 2/3
E. 3/4

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seems like a conditional probabilty ques, where we need probability of both dice showing prime no, given atleast one dice shows a prime no

Prime no: 2, 3, 5
Prob that both dice shows a prime no = 1/2 * 1/2 = 1/4
Prob that atleast 1 dice shows a prime no = 1 - both dice not showing prime no = 1 - (1/2*1/2) = 1- 1/4 = 3/4

Hence required probability as mentioned above = 1/4 / 3/4 = 1/3

Ans B
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2,3,5 are the prime numbers and 1,4,6 are non-prime number

Probability that one dice show prime number = 3/6 = 1/2
Probability that both dice show prime = 1/2 * 1/2 = 1/4

But the question has given the condition that at least one is already a prime.
Probability of at least one dice shows prime number = 1 - probability of both prime
=> 1 - 1/4
=> 3/4

For both the conditions to satisfy,
Conditional probability = Probability of both prime / probability of at least one prime
=> (1/4) / (3/4)
=> 1/3

Hence, Option B
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Bunuel
A pair of fair six-sided dice is rolled once. If at least one die shows a prime number, what is the probability that both dice show prime numbers?

A. 1/4
B. 1/3
C. 1/2
D. 2/3
E. 3/4

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this is conditional probability
a= prob of getting atleast 1 prime= 27
21,22,23,24,......62, 65
b= prob of getting both primes=9
22,23,25,32,33,35,52,53,55
prob= b/a= 9/27=1/3
Ans=B
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since prime numbers are 2,3,5
so probability of getting prime no. each of the two dices =1/2
however getting numbers on rolling two dices represent independent events.
so probability of getting prime numbers on both the dices=1/2*1/2=1/4
now if one of the dice has a prime no. say event B, probability of getting prime no. on the second one say event A is given by P(A/B)=P(A and B)/P(B)=(1/4)/(1/2)=1/2
C
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Bunuel
A pair of fair six-sided dice is rolled once. If at least one die shows a prime number, what is the probability that both dice show prime numbers?

A. 1/4
B. 1/3
C. 1/2
D. 2/3
E. 3/4

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caluclating this condition probabilty -

p(one die show prime numenr) = 0.5 ( since 2,3,5 are 3 possible outcomes out 6 total)
p(one die not show prime number) = 1 - 0.5 = 0.5
p(both die show prime numer) = 0.5 * 0.5 = 0.25 ( since both die outcomes are indpendent events) (let say is it P(b) )
p(non die show prime number) = 0.25 ( same reason)

let p(a) -> atleast 1 die show prime number
= 1 - p(non die show prime numner)
= 1 -0.25
= 0.75

answer is p(b)/p(a)
= 0.25/0.75
=1/3
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