Researchers have found that most people's bodies make an enzyme CYP2A6

Question

Researchers have found that most people's bodies make an enzyme, CYP2A6, that plays a crucial role in eliminating nicotine, the addictive drug in cigarettes, from the body. Smokers whose bodies make the most common form of this enzyme tend to smoke more than those whose bodies make some other form of it. Why? Well, the faster nicotine is eliminated from one's body, the sooner one will crave another cigarette, and ________.

Which one of the following, if true, most effectively completes the explanation above?

(A) the most common form of CYP2A6 is the one that most rapidly eliminates nicotine from the body

(B) most people whose bodies make the rarest form of CYP2A6 do not smoke at all

(C) if one's body does not make CYP2A6, nicotine will still be eliminated, although very slowly

(D) the greater the quantity of CYP2A6 that one's body makes, the faster nicotine will be eliminated

(E) helping to eliminate nicotine is not the only function that CYP2A6 serves

ZeenatJahan · Answer

(A) the most common form of CYP2A6 is the one that most rapidly eliminates nicotine from the body : correct

(B) most people whose bodies make the rarest form of CYP2A6 do not smoke at all: wrong because it maybe possible that rarest form may take longer to eliminate but not smoking at all is too specific / extreme to assume

(C) if one's body does not make CYP2A6, nicotine will still be eliminated, although very slowly : wrong , not stated in passage

(D) the greater the quantity of CYP2A6 that one's body makes, the faster nicotine will be eliminated : no mention on quantity in the passage

(E) helping to eliminate nicotine is not the only function that CYP2A6 serves : only is too extreme and other function is out of scope of passage.

guddo · Answer

Researchers have found that most people's bodies make an enzyme, CYP2A6, that plays a crucial role in eliminating nicotine, the addictive drug in cigarettes, from the body. Smokers whose bodies make the most common form of this enzyme tend to smoke more than those whose bodies make some other form of it. Why? Well, the faster nicotine is eliminated from one's body, the sooner one will crave another cigarette, and ________. 
 
Which one of the following, if true, most effectively completes the explanation above?

The passage explains greater smoking by linking it to faster removal of nicotine from the body.  The missing link  must show that  the most common form of CYP2A6 removes nicotine especially quickly .

(A) the most common form of CYP2A6 is the one that most rapidly eliminates nicotine from the body

Correct.   Smokers with the most common form smoke more, and faster nicotine elimination causes cravings to return sooner. If this common form eliminates nicotine most rapidly, the observed difference in smoking behavior is explained.

(B) most people whose bodies make the rarest form of CYP2A6 do not smoke at all

Incorrect. This concerns the rarest form and does not explain why smokers with the most common form smoke more than smokers with other forms.

(C) if one's body does not make CYP2A6, nicotine will still be eliminated, although very slowly

Incorrect. This concerns people who do not produce CYP2A6, not the difference among smokers who produce different forms of it.

(D) the greater the quantity of CYP2A6 that one's body makes, the faster nicotine will be eliminated

Incorrect. The passage compares different  forms  of the enzyme, not different quantities. We are not told that people with the common form produce more CYP2A6.

(E) helping to eliminate nicotine is not the only function that CYP2A6 serves

Incorrect. Other functions of the enzyme do not explain the difference in smoking frequency.

Answer: (A)

PaceOven · Answer

To complete the argument logically, let's break down the premise and the missing link:

1.  Given Fact 1:  Smokers with  the most common form  of the CYP2A6 enzyme tend to  smoke more  than those with other forms of the enzyme.

2.  Given Fact 2 (Partial Explanation):  Faster elimination of nicotine leads to sooner cravings.

3.  Missing Link:  To explain why those with the  most common form  smoke more, we must connect the  most common form of  CYP2A6  to faster elimination of nicotine .

Evaluating the options:

(A)  correctly provides the missing link: if the most common form of CYP2A6 eliminates nicotine most rapidly, it causes sooner cravings, leading these individuals to smoke more overall.

(B)  focuses on non-smokers with the rarest form, which does not explain why smokers with the common form smoke more.

(C)  discusses what happens when the enzyme is absent entirely, which does not explain the difference between the most common form and other forms.

(D)  focuses on the quantity of the enzyme rather than the specific form (type) of the enzyme mentioned in the prompt.

(E)  brings up other functions of the enzyme, which is irrelevant to smoking frequency and nicotine elimination.

(A) the most common form of CYP2A6 is the one that most rapidly eliminates nicotine from the body

Researchers have found that most people's bodies make an enzyme CYP2A6

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Researchers have found that most people's bodies make an enzyme CYP2A6

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