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14 Oct 2018, 14:56
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Researchers propose that above a certain IQ score, intelligence and creativity are no longer related. Their evidence: among children scoring below 120, the two traits correlate strongly, whereas those scoring above 120 show little correlation. Yet, another large study using a different IQ test found a positive correlation across all IQ levels. Therefore, the threshold hypothesis may be mistaken.
Which of the following, if true, most weakens the researchers’ proposal?
A. In the researchers’ study, separate analyses of verbal-IQ scores and quantitative-IQ scores produced the same pattern of correlations with creativity as the combined IQ score did.
B. In a separate study of gifted adolescents (IQ > 130), intrinsic motivation, not intelligence, proved the strongest predictor of creativity test scores.
C. A large meta-analysis found that, on average, the correlation between intelligence and creativity declines as people get older, regardless of their IQ scores.
D. When the children in the researchers’ study were retested five years later with the same instruments, the correlations between intelligence and creativity were virtually unchanged.
E. Psychometricians have shown that the IQ test whose results revealed a positive correlation across all IQ levels yields more accurate scores than the IQ test used by the researchers.
Which of the following, if true, most weakens the researchers’ proposal?
A. In the researchers’ study, separate analyses of verbal-IQ scores and quantitative-IQ scores produced the same pattern of correlations with creativity as the combined IQ score did.
B. In a separate study of gifted adolescents (IQ > 130), intrinsic motivation, not intelligence, proved the strongest predictor of creativity test scores.
C. A large meta-analysis found that, on average, the correlation between intelligence and creativity declines as people get older, regardless of their IQ scores.
D. When the children in the researchers’ study were retested five years later with the same instruments, the correlations between intelligence and creativity were virtually unchanged.
E. Psychometricians have shown that the IQ test whose results revealed a positive correlation across all IQ levels yields more accurate scores than the IQ test used by the researchers.
14 Oct 2018, 14:57
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Official Solution:
Researchers propose that above a certain IQ score, intelligence and creativity are no longer related. Their evidence: among children scoring below 120, the two traits correlate strongly, whereas those scoring above 120 show little correlation. Yet, another large study using a different IQ test found a positive correlation across all IQ levels. Therefore, the threshold hypothesis may be mistaken.
Which of the following, if true, most weakens the researchers’ proposal?
A. In the researchers’ study, separate analyses of verbal-IQ scores and quantitative-IQ scores produced the same pattern of correlations with creativity as the combined IQ score did.
B. In a separate study of gifted adolescents (IQ > 130), intrinsic motivation, not intelligence, proved the strongest predictor of creativity test scores.
C. A large meta-analysis found that, on average, the correlation between intelligence and creativity declines as people get older, regardless of their IQ scores.
D. When the children in the researchers’ study were retested five years later with the same instruments, the correlations between intelligence and creativity were virtually unchanged.
E. Psychometricians have shown that the IQ test whose results revealed a positive correlation across all IQ levels yields more accurate scores than the IQ test used by the researchers.
A) Incorrect. This choice actually strengthens the researchers' conclusion by showing their results are internally consistent and not just an artifact of how they combined scores. It makes their finding seem more reliable, which is the opposite of the goal.
B) Incorrect. This finding is perfectly consistent with the researchers' threshold hypothesis. The hypothesis claims that above a certain IQ, intelligence is no longer strongly related to creativity. This answer choice suggests that for high-IQ individuals, another factor (motivation) takes over. This doesn't weaken the original proposal; it might even help explain it.
C) Incorrect. This answer choice introduces an alternative cause (age) for a declining correlation. While this might cast some doubt, it doesn't directly address the central conflict: why did two studies on children, differentiated by the IQ test used, get different results? It's a possible weakener, but not the strongest one because it doesn't resolve the primary conflict presented in the stimulus.
D) Incorrect. Like choice (A), this strengthens the researchers' original findings. It shows that their results were stable over time (had high test-retest reliability), making their conclusion seem more robust.
E) Correct Answer. This is the strongest weakener because it directly attacks the the researchers' methodology. It provides a clear reason to trust the counter-evidence over the original evidence. If the original researchers used a less accurate tool, their results are less believable. This effectively resolves the conflict presented in the stimulus in favor of the counter-study, thus fatally weakening the original proposal.
Answer: E
Researchers propose that above a certain IQ score, intelligence and creativity are no longer related. Their evidence: among children scoring below 120, the two traits correlate strongly, whereas those scoring above 120 show little correlation. Yet, another large study using a different IQ test found a positive correlation across all IQ levels. Therefore, the threshold hypothesis may be mistaken.
Which of the following, if true, most weakens the researchers’ proposal?
A. In the researchers’ study, separate analyses of verbal-IQ scores and quantitative-IQ scores produced the same pattern of correlations with creativity as the combined IQ score did.
B. In a separate study of gifted adolescents (IQ > 130), intrinsic motivation, not intelligence, proved the strongest predictor of creativity test scores.
C. A large meta-analysis found that, on average, the correlation between intelligence and creativity declines as people get older, regardless of their IQ scores.
D. When the children in the researchers’ study were retested five years later with the same instruments, the correlations between intelligence and creativity were virtually unchanged.
E. Psychometricians have shown that the IQ test whose results revealed a positive correlation across all IQ levels yields more accurate scores than the IQ test used by the researchers.
A) Incorrect. This choice actually strengthens the researchers' conclusion by showing their results are internally consistent and not just an artifact of how they combined scores. It makes their finding seem more reliable, which is the opposite of the goal.
B) Incorrect. This finding is perfectly consistent with the researchers' threshold hypothesis. The hypothesis claims that above a certain IQ, intelligence is no longer strongly related to creativity. This answer choice suggests that for high-IQ individuals, another factor (motivation) takes over. This doesn't weaken the original proposal; it might even help explain it.
C) Incorrect. This answer choice introduces an alternative cause (age) for a declining correlation. While this might cast some doubt, it doesn't directly address the central conflict: why did two studies on children, differentiated by the IQ test used, get different results? It's a possible weakener, but not the strongest one because it doesn't resolve the primary conflict presented in the stimulus.
D) Incorrect. Like choice (A), this strengthens the researchers' original findings. It shows that their results were stable over time (had high test-retest reliability), making their conclusion seem more robust.
E) Correct Answer. This is the strongest weakener because it directly attacks the the researchers' methodology. It provides a clear reason to trust the counter-evidence over the original evidence. If the original researchers used a less accurate tool, their results are less believable. This effectively resolves the conflict presented in the stimulus in favor of the counter-study, thus fatally weakening the original proposal.
Answer: E
08 Aug 2022, 03:13
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The question or/and solution has been revised and edited. Thank you sayantanc2k !!!
