1. Which one of the following statements about Western women missionaries working abroad can be inferred from the passage?
(A) There were very few women involved in foreign missionary work before the 1870s.
not given; there were some who moved together with their husbands(B) Most women working abroad as missionaries before the 1870s were financed by women’s foreign mission societies.
Before the formation of these women’s organizations, mission funds had been collected by ministers and other church leaders, most of whom emphasized local parish work. What money was spent on foreign missions was under the control of exclusively male foreign mission boards <...>(C) Most women employed in mission hospitals abroad before the 1870s were trained as nurses rather than as physicians.
not given(D) The majority of professional women missionaries working abroad before the 1870s were located in Canton, China.
In the late nineteenth century, the need for women physicians in missionary hospitals in Canton, China <...>(E) Most women missionaries working abroad before the 1870s were married to men who were also missionaries.
correct: "Beyond giving the women who organized the societies a formal activity outside their home circles, these organizations enabled an increasing number of single women missionaries (as opposed to women who were part of the more typical husband-wife missionary teams) to work abroad. "2. The author mentions that most foreign mission boards were exclusively male most probably in order to
Relevant text: Before the formation of these women’s organizations, mission funds had been collected by ministers and other church leaders, most of whom emphasized local parish work. What money was spent on foreign missions was under the control of exclusively male foreign mission boards whose members were uniformly uneasy about the new idea of sending single women out into the mission field. But <...> the home churches bowed both to women’s changing roles at home and to increasing numbers of single professional missionary women abroad.(A) Contrast
foreign mission boards with the boards of secular organizations sending aid to China.
the males were those who used to decided to let women on missionary work or not(B) Explain the policy of foreign mission boards
toward training Chinese women in medicine.
a mix-up(C)
Justify the preference of foreign mission boards
for professionally qualified missionaries.
(D) Help account for the attitude of foreign mission boards towards sending single women missionaries abroad.
correct(E) Differentiate foreign mission boards from boards directing parish work at home.
<...> mission funds had been collected by ministers and other church leaders, most of whom emphasized local parish work. - so it seems they both stressed the parish work3. Which one of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
(A) A situation is described, conditions that brought about the situation are explained, and results of the situation are enumerated.
correct: "<...>the need for women physicians in missionary hospitals in Canton, China, led to expanded opportunities for both Western women and Chinese women"(B) An assertion is made, statements supporting and
refuting the assertion are examined, and a conclusion is drawn.
(C) An
obstacle is identified, a variety of possible
ways to overcome the obstacle are presented, and an opinion is ventured.
(D) A
predicament is outlined, factors leading up to the predicament are scrutinized, and a tentative resolution of the predicament is recommended.
it was a positive situation(E) A development is analyzed, the
drawbacks and advantages accompanying the development are
contrasted, and an eventual outcome is predicted.
4. Which one of the following, if true, would most undermine the author’s analysis of the reason for the increasing number of single women missionaries sent abroad beginning in the 1870s?
Relevant text: The presence of Western women as medical missionaries in China was made possible by certain changes within the Western missionary movement. Beginning in the 1870s, increasingly large numbers of women were forming women’s foreign mission societies dedicated to the support of women’s foreign mission work. Beyond giving the women who organized the societies a formal activity outside their home circles, these organizations enabled an increasing number of single women missionaries (as opposed to women who were part of the more typical husband-wife missionary teams) to work abroad. Before the formation of these women’s organizations, mission funds had been collected by ministers and other church leaders, most of whom emphasized local parish work. What money was spent on foreign missions was under the control of exclusively male foreign mission boards whose members were uniformly uneasy about the new idea of sending single women out into the mission field. But as women’s groups began raising impressive amounts of money donated specifically in support of single women missionaries, the home churches bowed both to women’s changing roles at home and to increasing numbers of single professional missionary women abroad.(A) The Western church boards that sent the greatest number of single women missionaries abroad had not received any financial support from women’s auxiliary groups.
this shows that even though, the funding was well collected, the foreign boards did not send that many single women - the churches kept sending most of them(B) The women who were sent abroad as missionary physicians had been raised in families with a strong history of missionary commitment.
(C) Most of the single missionary women sent abroad were trained as teachers and translators rather than as medical practitioners.
(D) The western church boards tended to send abroad single missionary women who had previously been active in local parish work.
(E) None of the single missionary women who were sent abroad were active members of foreign mission boards.
5. According to the passage, which one of the following was a factor in the acceptance of Western women as physicians in mission hospitals in Canton, China?
Relevant text: woman physician could attend women patients without offending any of the accepted conventions of female modesty.(A) The number of
male physicians practicing in that region.
(B) The specific women’s foreign mission society that supplied the funding.
the funding helped to carry out such missionary work, but the acceptance to the hospitals was influenced by female gender of the missionary physicians that allowed to build relationships with female patients(C) The specific home parishes from which the missionary women came.
<...> other church leaders, most of whom emphasized local parish work. - this doesn't even talk about women(D) The cultural conventions of the host society.
correct(E) The
relations between the foreign mission
boards and the
hospital administrators.
6. The passage suggests which one of the following about medical practices in late-nineteenth-century Canton, China?
(A) There was great
suspicion of non-Chinese medical practices.
These developments [foreign missionary work] also led to the attainment of valuable training and status by a significant number of Chinese women. The presence of women physicians in Canton mission hospitals led many Chinese women to avail themselves of Western medicine who might otherwise have failed to do so <...> - the work was positively welcomed; also "non-Chinese" seems to be too broad to adequately judge the statement(B) Medical care was
more often administered in the
home than in hospitals.
(C) It was customary for women physicians
to donate a portion of their income for the maintenance of their extended family.
mix-up: "But as women’s groups began raising impressive amounts of money donated specifically in support of single women missionaries<...>"(D) It was not customary for female patients to be treated by male physicians.
correct - " A woman physician could attend women patients without offending any of the accepted conventions of female modesty. "(E) Young women tended to be afforded as many educational opportunities in medicine
as young men were.