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25 Jan 2021, 23:30
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Question 1
D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
5%
(low)
Question Stats:
88% (02:27) correct
12%
(02:43) wrong
based on 584
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 2
D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
5%
(low)
Question Stats:
82% (00:49) correct 18%
(01:02) wrong
based on 563
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 3
C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
85%
(hard)
Question Stats:
40% (01:28) correct 60%
(01:43) wrong
based on 579
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Recent research shows that hyenas outperform chimps in solving problems through teamwork. In experiments by a major U.S. university, spotted hyena pairs were introduced into a pen containing two large platforms placed ten feet above the ground. From each platform dangled two ropes that when pulled in unison opened a trapdoor and provided a food reward. The experiment design, with the dual platforms and double ropes, ensured that the hyenas could not perform the task individually or by chance as a pair. Captive hyena pairs were given no training in the task, but the first pair took less than two minutes to solve the problem. Primates, such as chimps, required extensive training to complete similar tasks.
Researchers found that the size of each hyena party and pair membership had effects on performance. For example, when more than two hyenas were present, the task was solved more quickly, even if the additional hyenas were merely observing. When two dominant hyenas were paired, they performed less successfully than dominant-subordinate pairs. Thus, social context influenced the hyenas' behavior. Consequently, the research shows that social carnivores, defined as animals that hunt in packs, may be effective models for exploring cooperative problem solving. Past research focused on large brained primates, such as chimps, which are capable of higher cognitive function, in the assumption that higher cognitive function made primates more capable of organized teamwork. However, as study coauthor Christine Drea concludes, the newer experiments "show that [hyenas] are more hard-wired for social cooperation than chimpanzees."
Researchers found that the size of each hyena party and pair membership had effects on performance. For example, when more than two hyenas were present, the task was solved more quickly, even if the additional hyenas were merely observing. When two dominant hyenas were paired, they performed less successfully than dominant-subordinate pairs. Thus, social context influenced the hyenas' behavior. Consequently, the research shows that social carnivores, defined as animals that hunt in packs, may be effective models for exploring cooperative problem solving. Past research focused on large brained primates, such as chimps, which are capable of higher cognitive function, in the assumption that higher cognitive function made primates more capable of organized teamwork. However, as study coauthor Christine Drea concludes, the newer experiments "show that [hyenas] are more hard-wired for social cooperation than chimpanzees."
1. It can be inferred from the passage that
A. results in lab studies do not parallel results in the wild.
B. future research in social cognition should focus only on social carnivores.
C. chimps are not as smart as hyenas.
D. cooperative problem solving is more instinctive for hyenas than for primates.
E. wolves would perform poorly on a similar team problem solving task
A. results in lab studies do not parallel results in the wild.
B. future research in social cognition should focus only on social carnivores.
C. chimps are not as smart as hyenas.
D. cooperative problem solving is more instinctive for hyenas than for primates.
E. wolves would perform poorly on a similar team problem solving task
2. The author most likely mentions "social context" in order to
A. imply that primates are not social animals.
B. prove that the hyenas' problem-solving skills are greater than those of chimps.
C. give an example of how hyenas work together.
D. provide an explanation for why hyenas' problem-solving abilities varied.
E. show that hyenas perform better with an audience.
A. imply that primates are not social animals.
B. prove that the hyenas' problem-solving skills are greater than those of chimps.
C. give an example of how hyenas work together.
D. provide an explanation for why hyenas' problem-solving abilities varied.
E. show that hyenas perform better with an audience.
3. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen Drea's position?
A. Even untrained hyenas rarely pulled on the rope if no other hyena was present.
B. Aggression in paired dominant animals interfered with cooperation.
C. The required action in the double-rope experiment imitates the action required to bring down prey in the wild.
D. Success rates were also greater for hyenas in experiments requiring nonsocial problem-solving skills.
E. Once trained, chimps could perform the double-rope experiment faster than hyenas.
A. Even untrained hyenas rarely pulled on the rope if no other hyena was present.
B. Aggression in paired dominant animals interfered with cooperation.
C. The required action in the double-rope experiment imitates the action required to bring down prey in the wild.
D. Success rates were also greater for hyenas in experiments requiring nonsocial problem-solving skills.
E. Once trained, chimps could perform the double-rope experiment faster than hyenas.
RC Butler 2021 - Practice Two RCs Daily.
Passage # 35 Date: 26-Jan-2021
This question is a part of RC Butler 2021. Click here for Details
Passage # 35 Date: 26-Jan-2021
This question is a part of RC Butler 2021. Click here for Details
28 Jan 2021, 01:06
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Sajjad1994 if you can provide OE for Question 2 and 3?
28 Jan 2021, 08:18
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Nipungupta9081
OE is not available, let me try to do this.
2. The author most likely mentions "social context" in order to
Option A: It provides outside information, there is no such indication is available in the passage.
Option B: Nothing has been approved by just mentioning the social context of Hyenas
Option C: This seems closer a bit but just the two words "social context" truly holds a value of being an example provided for how hyenas work together? Not really. Let see other options.
Option D: the words "problem-solving abilities varied" make this option really a serious one. in the passage it is mentioned just before that:
When two dominant hyenas were paired, they performed less successfully than dominant-subordinate pairs. Thus, social context influenced the hyenas' behavior. Keep it
Option E: This option is totally not in line with the context of the question.
Answer: D
3. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen Drea's position?
Option A: Actually weakens Drea's position, It shows the hyenas were trained so that is why they performed better than Chimps. Totally opposite what is concluded in the passage.
Option B: It neither strengthen not weakens Drea's position. This is just a piece of information given in the passage.
Option C: Yes! This seems logical. It shows that hyenas better performed than Chimps because it might be Hyenas normal routine to work in such a fashion i.e to prey and attack in packs. And that is why they were succeeded in the experiment.
Option D: This option unnecessarily tries to exaggerate the facts given in the passage. Also the nonsocial problem-solving skills were not the direction of the passage. This is trap answer.
Option E: This actually weakens the Drea's position.
Answer: C
