Quote:
Some epidemiologists believe that the Ebola virus has originated from an animal host in a less populated region of Africa and has flourished in areas where there is more frequent contact between humans and wild animals.
A. has originated from an animal host in a less populated region of Africa and has flourished in areas
B. originated from an animal host in a less populated region of Africa and has flourished in areas
C. has originated from an animal host in a less populated region of Africa and had flourished in areas
D. originated from an animal host in a less populated region of Africa and had flourished in areas
E. originated from an animal host in a less populated region of Africa and flourished in areas
The right answer to this question is
B. The main concept being tested here is tenses, and the understanding of when we're talking about the aforementioned actions. The main actions we have to look out for are "originating" and "flourishing".
Options A&C - "has originated" is incorrect. The use of present perfect here does not work because the act of originating is a single act that happened in the past. The present perfect is used for actions that may have started in the past but are still in progress at the current reference point in the present. Hence, we can eliminate both these options.
OUTOption D - "had flourished" is incorrect. One should only use the past perfect if the action both happened in the past and stopped by the time another reference point in the past rolled around. In fact, a rule of thumb would be to never use the past perfect unless there is a later past action indicated as well.
OUTOption E - "flourished" is close. However, we want to say that the virus is still flourishing, it has been and continues to. Using the simple past indicates that this was a single action in the past, thereby altering the meaning of the sentence.
OUTOption B - gets both "originated" and "has flourished" correct, and since the others don't, is the right answer!
Always remember in SC that there is no
perfect way to construct a sentence. The right answer is correct simply because the other ones are clearly wrong.
- Matoo from CrackVerbal