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08 Dec 2021, 00:58
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Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
55%
(hard)
Question Stats:
54% (01:28) correct
46%
(01:32)
wrong
based on 239
sessions
History
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Time
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Not Attempted Yet
The Mayan people subsisted on a diet primarily consisting of maize, squash, beans, and peppers, but incorporated both meat from animals they hunted and fished.
A) but incorporated both meat from animals they hunted and fished
B) and also had incorporated the meat from animals they hunted and fished
C) even though they incorporated meat from animals they hunted and fished for as well
D) although they also incorporated meat from hunting and fishing
E) but incorporating the meat from animals they hunted and fished for
08 Dec 2021, 01:01
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
THE PROMPT
• Meaning?
This sentence contains a logical contrast between the food that Mayans "primarily" ate and the food that made up the rest of their diet.
Although the contrast may seem subtle, it still requires a contrast word.
→ both modifies meat but should modify "hunted and fished."
What is "both meat"?
Nonsensical.
Eliminate A.
• Lacking a contrast word
→ To describe contrast, we need a contrast word such as the coordinating conjunction but.
→ and also is not automatically "redundant." The problem here is and.
• Verb error
→ no reason exists to shift the verb tense from the simple past (subsisted) to the past perfect (had incorporated).
In fact, because past perfect refers to the "past of the past" (i.e., an event that came before another verb), this construction suggests that the Mayans incorporated the "extra" food before the main food.
Eliminate B
Option C's phrasing contains unnecessary words, rambles, and ends on a strange combination, i.e., for as well
→ compare meat from animals they hunted and fished for as well in option C to meat from hunting and fishing in option D, for example.
I never eliminate on the basis of style errors on the first pass.
KEEP, but look for a better answer, and be highly suspicious.
• The subordinating conjunction although correctly connects the dependent clause (although they also incorporated meat from hunting and fishing) to the main clause (The Mayan people subsisted on a diet primarily consisting of maize, squash, beans, and peppers)
See Notes, below, for a quick discussion of conjunctions and a couple of links to short articles you can read.
KEEP (and eliminate C and E)
→ incorporating should be incorporated so that it is parallel to subsisted.
• stylistically inferior to option D
Eliminate C and E; Option D is a better sentence than either C or E.
ELIMINATE E
The best answer is D.
NOTES
This question might look a little strange because you see different kinds conjunctions in the answer choices.
Options A, B, and E use coordinating conjunctions.
Options C and D use subordinating conjunctions.
• Conjunctions
Because mastery of lingo and rules gobbles our attention, we do not often discuss the different types of conjunctions you will face on the GMAT.
→ Coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS)* join items of equal grammatical weight, such as a verb and a verb or an independent clause and an independent clause.
→ Subordinating conjunctions join items of unequal grammatical weight; one clause is subordinate (dependent), cannot stand on its own as a sentence, and depends for its meaning on the main clause.
→ Correlative conjunctions are word pairs that join similar items (either/or, neither/nor, not only/but also, etc.).
→ Conjunctive adverbs, also called "connective adverbs," act like conjunctions. They facilitate the flow of one idea into another.
* FANBOYS = for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
To learn just a little more about different conjunction types and how to use them, please see this short write up, here—its one page is a good way to organize the information.
Another site from which you can learn more about conjunctions can be found here.
COMMENTS
Well, it is good to see both a new Butler contributor and a veteran one, TarunKumar1234 .
Both posters explain their answers and display good critical thinking.
It does not matter that some of the reasoning in one explanation got a little turned around; quite a few others took the same wrong turn.
It does matter that everyone can easily understand your explanations and decide what to learn from them.
Nicely done.
THE PROMPT
Quote:
• Meaning?
This sentence contains a logical contrast between the food that Mayans "primarily" ate and the food that made up the rest of their diet.
Although the contrast may seem subtle, it still requires a contrast word.
Quote:
• modifier error: both
→ both modifies meat but should modify "hunted and fished."
What is "both meat"?
Nonsensical.
Eliminate A.
Quote:
• Lacking a contrast word
→ To describe contrast, we need a contrast word such as the coordinating conjunction but.
→ and also is not automatically "redundant." The problem here is and.
• Verb error
→ no reason exists to shift the verb tense from the simple past (subsisted) to the past perfect (had incorporated).
In fact, because past perfect refers to the "past of the past" (i.e., an event that came before another verb), this construction suggests that the Mayans incorporated the "extra" food before the main food.
Eliminate B
Quote:
• This phrasing is stylistically inferior to that in option D.
Option C's phrasing contains unnecessary words, rambles, and ends on a strange combination, i.e., for as well
→ compare meat from animals they hunted and fished for as well in option C to meat from hunting and fishing in option D, for example.
I never eliminate on the basis of style errors on the first pass.
KEEP, but look for a better answer, and be highly suspicious.
Quote:
• I do not see any errors
• The subordinating conjunction although correctly connects the dependent clause (although they also incorporated meat from hunting and fishing) to the main clause (The Mayan people subsisted on a diet primarily consisting of maize, squash, beans, and peppers)
See Notes, below, for a quick discussion of conjunctions and a couple of links to short articles you can read.
KEEP (and eliminate C and E)
Quote:
• lacking parallelism
→ incorporating should be incorporated so that it is parallel to subsisted.
• stylistically inferior to option D
Eliminate C and E; Option D is a better sentence than either C or E.
ELIMINATE E
The best answer is D.
NOTES
This question might look a little strange because you see different kinds conjunctions in the answer choices.
Options A, B, and E use coordinating conjunctions.
Options C and D use subordinating conjunctions.
• Conjunctions
Because mastery of lingo and rules gobbles our attention, we do not often discuss the different types of conjunctions you will face on the GMAT.
→ Coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS)* join items of equal grammatical weight, such as a verb and a verb or an independent clause and an independent clause.
→ Subordinating conjunctions join items of unequal grammatical weight; one clause is subordinate (dependent), cannot stand on its own as a sentence, and depends for its meaning on the main clause.
→ Correlative conjunctions are word pairs that join similar items (either/or, neither/nor, not only/but also, etc.).
→ Conjunctive adverbs, also called "connective adverbs," act like conjunctions. They facilitate the flow of one idea into another.
* FANBOYS = for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
To learn just a little more about different conjunction types and how to use them, please see this short write up, here—its one page is a good way to organize the information.
Another site from which you can learn more about conjunctions can be found here.
COMMENTS
Well, it is good to see both a new Butler contributor and a veteran one, TarunKumar1234 .
Both posters explain their answers and display good critical thinking.
It does not matter that some of the reasoning in one explanation got a little turned around; quite a few others took the same wrong turn.
It does matter that everyone can easily understand your explanations and decide what to learn from them.
Nicely done.
08 Dec 2021, 11:11
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Bookmarks
The Mayan people subsisted on a diet primarily consisting of maize, squash, beans, and peppers, but incorporated both meat from animals they hunted and fished.
A) but incorporated both meat from animals they hunted and fished -> animals they fished. This is incorrect.
B) and also had incorporated the meat from animals they hunted and fished -> "had incorporated" is not parallel to "subsisted". Incorrect.
C) even though they incorporated meat from animals they hunted and fished for as well -> meat is the additional item in their food, not the "hunted and fished". Incorrect.
D) although they also incorporated meat from hunting and fishing -> Although is subordinating conjunction. It is a correct usage. "they" refers back to the subject "The Mayan people", which is also correct. Sentence conveys the right meaning as well. Let's keep it.
E) but incorporating the meat from animals they hunted and fished for -> The Mayan people incorporating the meat....we don't have a verb. Incorrect.
So, I think D.
A) but incorporated both meat from animals they hunted and fished -> animals they fished. This is incorrect.
B) and also had incorporated the meat from animals they hunted and fished -> "had incorporated" is not parallel to "subsisted". Incorrect.
C) even though they incorporated meat from animals they hunted and fished for as well -> meat is the additional item in their food, not the "hunted and fished". Incorrect.
D) although they also incorporated meat from hunting and fishing -> Although is subordinating conjunction. It is a correct usage. "they" refers back to the subject "The Mayan people", which is also correct. Sentence conveys the right meaning as well. Let's keep it.
E) but incorporating the meat from animals they hunted and fished for -> The Mayan people incorporating the meat....we don't have a verb. Incorrect.
So, I think D.
