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C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
35%
(medium)
Question Stats:
62% (01:17) correct
38%
(01:35)
wrong
based on 212
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
The space shuttle has complicated stabilizing systems that undergo extensive tests and repairs during layovers between launching from Cape Canaveral because of the tremendous pressure and strain inflicted on it during its lengthy missions.
A) between launching
B) of launching
C) between its launches
D) of its launches
E) as it launches
19 Apr 2022, 23:53
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
This OE from Princeton Review is almost verbatim.
THE PROMPT
Quote:
• Meaning?
Because tremendous pressure and strain are inflicted on the space shuttle, it possess complicated stabilizing systems.
Those systems undergo tests and repairs during layovers between the space shuttle's launches.
THE OPTIONS
Quote:
→ should be between its launches
Quote:
→ nonsensical
What is a "layover of launching"?
We can have a layover between launchings, or a layover of a few days, but there is no such thing as a "layover" of launching.
Quote:
Quote:
There are layovers in (during?) the launches? Nonsense.
Quote:
The tests and repairs occur as the space shuttle launches?
Lemme guess. Elon Musk was in on it.
OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
The underlined portion of the sentence contains the present participle verbal launching so check to make sure this is the correct verb tense.
According to the non-underlined portion of the sentence, which contains the verb has [used in the sense of "to possess"), the present participle launching is the incorrect verb tense for the sentence.
Eliminate choice A and look for obvious repeaters.
While choice B also contains the word launching, the answer choice changes the structure of the underlined portion, so it is not an obvious repeater.
Choice B introduces a modifier error.
The prepositional phrase of launching functions as an adjective, modifying the noun layovers.
Eliminate choice B.
Choice C corrects the idiom error in the original sentence by replacing the participle launching with the plural noun launches, stating that layovers occur in the time between launches of the shuttle. Keep choice C.
Choice D introduces a modifier error.
The prepositional phrase of its launches functions as an adjective, modifying the noun layovers.
Choice D suggests not that the space shuttle has layovers, but that its launches from Cape Canaveral have layovers. Eliminate choice D.
Choice E uses the phrase as it launches, which functions as an adverb modifying the verb undergo by specifying the time during which the stabilizing systems undergo extensive tests and repairs.
Choice E suggests that the shuttle undergoes extensive tests and repairs both during layovers and as it launches.
Eliminate choice E.
Alternatively, if the grammar rule this sentence is testing is difficult to spot, another strategy is to identify an error from the answer choices by looking for either a 2/3 split or differences among the answers. Two of the answer choices end with the participle launching, and three of the answer choices end with the noun launches. This difference is an indication to look for modifier errors.
Choice A: No. The present participle launching is the incorrect tense for this sentence. Verb tense.
Choice B: No. The prepositional phrase of launching incorrectly modifies layovers. Misplaced modifier.
Choice C: Correct.
Choice D: No. The prepositional phrase of its launching incorrectly modifies layovers. Misplaced modifier.
Choice E: No. The phrase as it launches incorrectly modifies undergo. Misplaced modifier.
The answer is C.
COMMENTS
Sushil117 , welcome to SC Butler.
These explanations are thoughtful and easy to follow.
Nicely done.
Updated on: 20 Apr 2022, 00:35
Originally posted by winterschool on 20 Apr 2022, 00:19.
Last edited by winterschool on 20 Apr 2022, 00:35, edited 1 time in total.
Last edited by winterschool on 20 Apr 2022, 00:35, edited 1 time in total.
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The space shuttle has complicated stabilizing systems that undergo extensive tests and repairs during layovers between launching from Cape Canaveral because of the tremendous pressure and strain inflicted on it during its lengthy missions.
A) between launching Incorrect
second part after between missing - ......between X and Y
B) of launching Incorrect
participle form is wrong - launching seems modifies layovers of
C) between its launches Incorrect
there is no two option; launches is plural and more than two, so among is better to use
D) of its launches Correct
pick D, but have doubt
E) as it launches Incorrect
as uses changes intended meaning
A) between launching Incorrect
second part after between missing - ......between X and Y
B) of launching Incorrect
participle form is wrong - launching seems modifies layovers of
C) between its launches Incorrect
there is no two option; launches is plural and more than two, so among is better to use
D) of its launches Correct
pick D, but have doubt
E) as it launches Incorrect
as uses changes intended meaning
