The newly launched aircraft engine providing a 50% reduction in noise, double-digit improvements in fuel efficiency and environmental emissions has been hailed by the aviation industry.
(A) The newly launched aircraft engine providing a 50% reduction in noise, double-digit improvements in fuel efficiency and environmental emissions has -
We have a list of two items, therefore, we need "and" before "double-digit" improvements.(B) Providing a 50% reduction in noise,
double-digit improvements in fuel efficiency and environmental emissions, the newly launched aircraft engine has -
After the first comma we need the noun "the newly launched aircraft engine"(C) The newly launched aircraft engine
provides a 50% reduction in noise and double-digit improvements in fuel efficiency and environmental emissions
has -
This sentence has two finite verbs - "provides" and "has"(D)
The newly launched aircraft engine, which provides a 50% reduction in noise and double-digit improvements in fuel efficiency and environmental emissions,
has -
This is correct. We have singular verb "has" for singular subject "The newly launched aircraft engine" and we have "and" before "double-digit" improvements to clearly separate the two items in the list. Furthermore, "which" the relative pronoun refers to the singular subject "the engine" and thus, the relative clause has the correct singular finite verb "provides" in it.(E) Providing a 50% reduction in noise, the newly launched aircraft engine is also providing double-digit improvements in fuel efficiency and environmental emissions
having -
It sounds as if "environmental emissions" are being hailed by the aviation industry and "is providing" sounds as if the engine is currently providing 50% reduction in noise and double-digit improvements in fuel efficiency and environmental emissions.