A recent study showed that, typically, people with caffeine addictions are more likely to suffer from insomnia than those who consume little or no caffeine. Based on this study, a researcher asserted that sufferers of insomnia are therefore more likely to develop caffeine addiction.
The study found out: Caffeine addicts are more likely to develop insomnia than person who consume little caffeine.
Researchers conclusion: Insomniacs are more likely to become caffeine addicts as well.
Prethinking: The researchers just reverse the logic without any proof so this is definitely an attackable spot. Let's check for anything that distorts this reverse logic. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the scholar's assertion?
a) Some people who consume caffeine do not suffer from insomnia.
This relates to the study, not to the researchers' conclusion. Therefore we can't really gain anything from it.b) People who suffer from insomnia usually find that trying caffeine makes their symptoms worse and rarely continue its use.
This looks good. This relates to the researchers' logic. People who alerady are insomniacs rarely drink caffeine containing drinks anymore. This definitely weakens the statement.c) Many insomniacs consume coffee and energy drinks, both of which contain high levels of caffeine.
This is a strengthener as it perfectly supports the reseachers' statement.d) People with high levels of stress are also more likely to develop insomnia than the average person.
Stress levels aren't of any concern for this question.e) Caffeine addictions are easier to overcome, since the symptoms of caffeine withdrawal are relatively minor.
We aren't concered of how tough it is to overcome certain problems.I hope that helps