AshutoshB
Letter to the editor: Your newspaper's advertisement claims that you provide coverage of the high school's most popular sports. Clearly, this is false advertising. Of the school's students, 15 percent compete on the track team, while only 5 percent of the students play basketball. Hence, the track is far more popular than basketball, yet track gets no coverage and basketball gets full-page coverage.
The reasoning in the letter to the editor is most vulnerable to the criticism that it
A. infers a cause from a mere correlation
B. bases its conclusion on a sample that is too small
C. misinterprets a keyword in the newspaper's advertisement
D. employs as a premise the contention it purports to show
E. criticizes the source of a claim rather than the claim itself
The letter argues that because 15% of students are on the track team and only 5% play basketball, track is more popular. It then criticizes the newspaper for not covering track despite claiming to cover the most popular sports. The flaw is that the letter defines "popular" strictly by participation rates, but the newspaper might mean popularity in terms of spectator interest, reader demand, or community attention.
A. Incorrect. The letter does not confuse correlation with causation; it compares participation percentages without inferring a causal relationship.
B. Incorrect. The percentages refer to the entire student body, not a small sample. Sample size is not the issue.
C. Correct. The letter assumes "popular" means highest participation rate. The newspaper's advertisement might use "popular" differently, e.g., referring to sports with the most viewers or reader interest. This misinterpretation is the core flaw.
D. Incorrect. The letter does not use its conclusion as a premise. It uses participation rates as evidence to conclude track is more popular, then criticizes the newspaper.
E. Incorrect. The letter challenges the newspaper's claim directly, not the source of the claim.
Answer: (C)