Here is how I read the exchange between the inexperienced American diplomat and the Chinese official.
The diplomat, on his first visit to the PRC, asked the Chinese official the reason for the Orientals (East Asians) being so difficult to understand (inscrutable). The Chinese official's response was that he believed it to be a lack of shrewdness or insight (perspicacity) among Westerners (Occidentals) which led to the perception of Orientals being inscrutable. Thus, the Chinese official believed that the fault, if any, lay in the way the Westerners viewed and perceived the East Asians and not inherently in the Orientals themselves.
With this insight, let us approach the answer options:
Which of the following best describes the point of the comment made by the Chinese official?
a) It is not merely the Chinese, but all Oriental people who are inscrutable.
Incorrect. There is nothing here about the way the Westerners view the Orientals.b) Most Americans fails to understand Chinese Culture.
This is close. However, my problem is with the usage of the word "Culture". While the Chinese official surely does lay the blame on the Westerners for failing to understand the Asians, he does not speak specifically of any culture at all. In fact, with the question from the US diplomat being about the Oriental people, it is likely that the response would have been about the people too. We can hold on to this option at this point.c) What one fails to perceive may be attributable to carelessness in observation rather than obscurity inherent in the object.
Correct. This ties in perfectly with our understanding as stated above.d) Since the resumption of diplomatic relations between the US and communist China, many older Chinese civil servants have grown to distrust the Americans.
Incorrect. There is nothing in the Chinese official's comment about how the Chinese view Americans. e) If the West and the East are ever to truly understand one another, there will have to be considerable cultural exchange between the two.
Incorrect. There is nothing in the Chinese official's comment about how the Chinese understand Americans, nor of any cultural exchange.Since (C) is so much better, we can go ahead and discard option (B).
Hope this helps.