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04 Apr 2020, 13:54
Kudos
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A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
55%
(hard)
Question Stats:
65% (02:05) correct
35%
(02:35)
wrong
based on 382
sessions
History
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Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
A study of rabbits in the 1940s convinced many biologists that parthenogenesis—reproduction without fertilization of an egg—sometimes occurs in mammals. However, the study’s methods have since been shown to be flawed, and no other studies have succeeded in demonstrating mammalian parthenogenesis. Thus, since parthenogenesis is known to occur in a wide variety of nonmammalian vertebrates, there must be something about mammalian chromosomes that precludes the possibility of parthenogenesis.
A flaw in the reasoning of the argument is that the argument
(A) takes for granted that something that has not been proven to be true is for that reason shown to be false
(B) infers that a characteristic is shared by all nonmammalian vertebrate species merely because it is shared by some nonmammalian vertebrate species
(C) rules out an explanation of a phenomenon merely on the grounds that there is another explanation that can account for the phenomenon
(D) confuses a necessary condition for parthenogenesis with a sufficient condition for it
(E) assumes that the methods used in a study of one mammalian species were flawed merely because the study’s findings cannot be generalized to all other mammalian species
A flaw in the reasoning of the argument is that the argument
(A) takes for granted that something that has not been proven to be true is for that reason shown to be false
(B) infers that a characteristic is shared by all nonmammalian vertebrate species merely because it is shared by some nonmammalian vertebrate species
(C) rules out an explanation of a phenomenon merely on the grounds that there is another explanation that can account for the phenomenon
(D) confuses a necessary condition for parthenogenesis with a sufficient condition for it
(E) assumes that the methods used in a study of one mammalian species were flawed merely because the study’s findings cannot be generalized to all other mammalian species
04 Apr 2020, 22:38
Kudos
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Akela
Simplify the argument
Parthenogenesis sometimes occurs in mammals- Proven by study of rabbits
Studies methods were flawed, and no other study succeeded
Since parthenogenesis is displayed in a lot of non mammalian vertebrates, there is something in mammals that stops parthenogenesis from happening
Flaw- Just because something was not proven by one method, it does not become false automatically.
A. Exactly. This is in line with our prethinking. Correct.
B. Incorrect. No where is it mentioned that parthenogenesis is shared by all nonmammalian vertebrates.
C. The phenomenon is not at all explained. It is simply rejected because of flaws.
D. Totally irrelevant. There is no necessary basis for parthenogenesis. Just random experiments on rabbits.
E. The methods were not assumed to be flawed, they were found to be flawed.
A is correct.
15 Apr 2020, 12:09
Kudos
Bookmarks
I agree with the answer choice A and I see how it fits. But, there are 2 other choices-B and D- that also seem correct. Can some expert clarify this?
A flaw in the reasoning of the argument is that the argument:
(A) takes for granted that something that has not been proven to be true is for that reason shown to be false
(B) infers that a characteristic is shared by all nonmammalian vertebrate species merely because it is shared by some nonmammalian vertebrate species Author says the chromosomes in mammalian species must be what causes P. Why? Because a wide variety of non mammalian species have P and no study other than the one has show mammalian species to have P. Just because some non mammalian species have P, doesn't mean ALL of them have P, which seriously destroys the argument.
(C) rules out an explanation of a phenomenon merely on the grounds that there is another explanation that can account for the phenomenon
(D) confuses a necessary condition for parthenogenesis with a sufficient condition for it After saying that P is in non mammalian species and that must mean mammalian species have some chromosome that precludes the possibility of P. Even if chromosomes could preclude P, doesn't mean that they [b]must. This also destroys the argument. [/b]
(E) assumes that the methods used in a study of one mammalian species were flawed merely because the study’s findings cannot be generalized to all other mammalian species
A flaw in the reasoning of the argument is that the argument:
(A) takes for granted that something that has not been proven to be true is for that reason shown to be false
(B) infers that a characteristic is shared by all nonmammalian vertebrate species merely because it is shared by some nonmammalian vertebrate species Author says the chromosomes in mammalian species must be what causes P. Why? Because a wide variety of non mammalian species have P and no study other than the one has show mammalian species to have P. Just because some non mammalian species have P, doesn't mean ALL of them have P, which seriously destroys the argument.
(C) rules out an explanation of a phenomenon merely on the grounds that there is another explanation that can account for the phenomenon
(D) confuses a necessary condition for parthenogenesis with a sufficient condition for it After saying that P is in non mammalian species and that must mean mammalian species have some chromosome that precludes the possibility of P. Even if chromosomes could preclude P, doesn't mean that they [b]must. This also destroys the argument. [/b]
(E) assumes that the methods used in a study of one mammalian species were flawed merely because the study’s findings cannot be generalized to all other mammalian species
