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17 May 2021, 08:30
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B
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
5%
(low)
Question Stats:
90% (01:13) correct
10%
(01:26)
wrong
based on 495
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
A new toothbrush, formed from two types of plastic, A and B, in an injection-molding process, is being tested before mass production. It was noted that after three days of use, plastic A began to crack and fall away. It is clear that contact with plastic B is the cause for plastic A's unstable nature.
Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the argument?
A. Whether plastic B maintains stability after being in contact with other plastics
B. Whether plastic A reacts in a similar way when molded alone, or with a plastic other than B
C. Whether plastics other than A and B can be used in the injection-molding process
D. Whether the new toothbrushes are intended for distribution to foreign retailers
E. Whether plastic A's instability can be corrected by the addition of a suitable chemical
Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the argument?
A. Whether plastic B maintains stability after being in contact with other plastics
B. Whether plastic A reacts in a similar way when molded alone, or with a plastic other than B
C. Whether plastics other than A and B can be used in the injection-molding process
D. Whether the new toothbrushes are intended for distribution to foreign retailers
E. Whether plastic A's instability can be corrected by the addition of a suitable chemical
23 May 2021, 06:15
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
A new toothbrush, formed from two types of plastic, A and B, in an injection-molding process, is being tested before mass production. It was noted that after three days of use, plastic A began to crack and fall away. It is clear that contact with plastic B is the cause for plastic A's unstable nature.
Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the argument?
A. Whether plastic B maintains stability after being in contact with other plastics
Incorrect.
To solve this Investigation question, first break down the argument. The first two sentences are premises, citing facts. The last sentence begins with the conclusion phrase It is clear so it's the argument's conclusion:
- Premise A: a new toothbrush made from plastic A and plastic B is being tested
+
Premise B: plastic A began to fall apart after 3 days of use
=
Conclusion: contact with plastic B causes A to fall apart
Vital factor: ?
You are required to find the factor which is most crucial to the author's conclusion. The correct answer is a question which could support or weaken the conclusion depending on its answer.
This answer choice questions B's stability. This is irrelevant since the conclusion deals with A's unstable nature alone.
B. Whether plastic A reacts in a similar way when molded alone, or with a plastic other than B
The conclusion suggests a specific cause-and-effect relationship between A and B so a good way to test this relationship would be to isolate A. If A falls apart when molded without B, then the idea that B is causing A to fall apart is weakened. If A is stable without B, then maybe contact with B is causing the problem after all.
C. Whether plastics other than A and B can be used in the injection-molding process
Incorrect.
To solve this Investigation question, first break down the argument. The first two sentences are premises, citing facts. The last sentence begins with the conclusion phrase It is clear so it's the argument's conclusion:
- Premise A: a new toothbrush made from plastic A and plastic B is being tested
+
Premise B: plastic A began to fall apart after 3 days of use
=
Conclusion: contact with plastic B causes A to fall apart
Vital factor: ?
You are required to find the factor which is most crucial to the author's conclusion. The correct answer is a question which could support or weaken the conclusion depending on its answer.
This answer choice doesn't bring forward a question that could help assess the author's conclusion, but instead seems to look for a solution to the problem. Finding a solution to the problem of plastic A's instability, however, is not our task.
D. Whether the new toothbrushes are intended for distribution to foreign retailers
Incorrect.
This factor does not affect the author's conclusion in any way. The intended market for the toothbrushes cannot be related to the question of whether contact with B is causing A to fall apart.
E. Whether plastic A's instability can be corrected by the addition of a suitable chemical
Incorrect.
This answer choice suggests an action that could prevent the problem. However, our task is different - to find a way of testing the given conclusion.
General Discussion
17 May 2021, 08:43
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A new toothbrush, formed from two types of plastic, A and B, in an injection-molding process, is being tested before mass production. It was noted that after three days of use, plastic A began to crack and fall away. It is clear that contact with plastic B is the cause for plastic A's unstable nature.
Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the argument?
Conclusion : Contact with plastic B is the cause for plastic A's unstable nature.
A. Whether plastic B maintains stability after being in contact with other plastics
B is better than A since it does not consider a special case when A cracks when molded A & B are molded together but B does not affect other plastics.
B. Whether plastic A reacts in a similar way when molded alone, or with a plastic other than B
Whether plastic A reacts in a similar way when molded alone, or with a plastic other than B
If "Yes", then conclusion falls apart.
But if "No", then conclusion holds true.
Correct
C. Whether plastics other than A and B can be used in the injection-molding process
The statement does not affect the conclusion.
D. Whether the new toothbrushes are intended for distribution to foreign retailers
The statement does not affect the conclusion.
E. Whether plastic A's instability can be corrected by the addition of a suitable chemical
The statement does not affect the conclusion.
IMO B
Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the argument?
Conclusion : Contact with plastic B is the cause for plastic A's unstable nature.
A. Whether plastic B maintains stability after being in contact with other plastics
B is better than A since it does not consider a special case when A cracks when molded A & B are molded together but B does not affect other plastics.
B. Whether plastic A reacts in a similar way when molded alone, or with a plastic other than B
Whether plastic A reacts in a similar way when molded alone, or with a plastic other than B
If "Yes", then conclusion falls apart.
But if "No", then conclusion holds true.
Correct
C. Whether plastics other than A and B can be used in the injection-molding process
The statement does not affect the conclusion.
D. Whether the new toothbrushes are intended for distribution to foreign retailers
The statement does not affect the conclusion.
E. Whether plastic A's instability can be corrected by the addition of a suitable chemical
The statement does not affect the conclusion.
IMO B
