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06 Sep 2021, 09:00
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A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
15%
(low)
Question Stats:
82% (01:42) correct
18%
(02:02)
wrong
based on 349
sessions
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The city performed its annual testing of lead levels in the drinking water and discovered that about 14 percent of the samples taken exceeded federal standards for allowable lead levels. Regardless of these findings, the lead levels, even in the ones that exceeded federal standards, were still too low to pose any immediate health threat. So, it’s perfectly safe for the city’s residents to drink all the tap water they want.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
(A) Most lead in city drinking water is absorbed by the lining of the pipes.
(B) Due to budgetary cuts the city had to test water sourced from one central location instead of sampling randomly throughout the city as in past years.
(C) Studies show that children who absorb levels of lead above federal standards experience adverse long-term effects.
(D) The local hospital has had an increase in lead-poisoning cases among people who drink large quantities of water on a regular basis.
(E) Several medical associations have lobbied for higher standards and harsher punishments on cities that do not take actions to reduce lead contamination in their drinking water.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
(A) Most lead in city drinking water is absorbed by the lining of the pipes.
(B) Due to budgetary cuts the city had to test water sourced from one central location instead of sampling randomly throughout the city as in past years.
(C) Studies show that children who absorb levels of lead above federal standards experience adverse long-term effects.
(D) The local hospital has had an increase in lead-poisoning cases among people who drink large quantities of water on a regular basis.
(E) Several medical associations have lobbied for higher standards and harsher punishments on cities that do not take actions to reduce lead contamination in their drinking water.
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06 Sep 2021, 09:35
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The passage states that lead available in water is not harmful.
We need to strengthen the argument.
(A) Most lead in city drinking water is absorbed by the lining of the pipes. (Since lead is absorbed by pipelines, the amount of lead present in water automatically lowers, making water safe for drinking)
Keep this.
(B) Due to budgetary cuts the city had to test water sourced from one central location instead of sampling randomly throughout the city as in past years.(this shows only a sample water was tested, not whole. The remaining water could have lead in dangerous level or not at all, no convicted answer) (Incorrect)
(C) Studies show that children who absorb levels of lead above federal standards experience adverse long-term effects.(this weakens the argument, stating lead more than 14% is harming kids) (Incorrect)
(D) The local hospital has had an increase in lead-poisoning cases among people who drink large quantities of water on a regular basis.(again weakening statement, by showing large intake of water is harming local citizens) (incorrect)
(E) Several medical associations have lobbied for higher standards and harsher punishments on cities that do not take actions to reduce lead contamination in their drinking water.(this is weakening as if medical associations are going against the current lead level of water, so it's definitely harmful) (Incorrect)
Answer is A
Posted from my mobile device
We need to strengthen the argument.
(A) Most lead in city drinking water is absorbed by the lining of the pipes. (Since lead is absorbed by pipelines, the amount of lead present in water automatically lowers, making water safe for drinking)
Keep this.
(B) Due to budgetary cuts the city had to test water sourced from one central location instead of sampling randomly throughout the city as in past years.(this shows only a sample water was tested, not whole. The remaining water could have lead in dangerous level or not at all, no convicted answer) (Incorrect)
(C) Studies show that children who absorb levels of lead above federal standards experience adverse long-term effects.(this weakens the argument, stating lead more than 14% is harming kids) (Incorrect)
(D) The local hospital has had an increase in lead-poisoning cases among people who drink large quantities of water on a regular basis.(again weakening statement, by showing large intake of water is harming local citizens) (incorrect)
(E) Several medical associations have lobbied for higher standards and harsher punishments on cities that do not take actions to reduce lead contamination in their drinking water.(this is weakening as if medical associations are going against the current lead level of water, so it's definitely harmful) (Incorrect)
Answer is A
Posted from my mobile device
06 Sep 2021, 23:38
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Premise:
1. The city performed its annual testing of lead levels in the drinking water
2. Annual testing revealed that about 14 percent of the samples taken exceeded federal standards for allowable lead levels.
3. the lead levels, even in the ones that exceeded federal standards, were still too low to pose any immediate health threat.
Conclusion:
it’s perfectly safe for the city’s residents to drink all the tap water they want.
We have to strengthen the argument. The option which says that the exceeded amount of lead will not pose long-term health issues or somehow lead content as per the standards is not getting into our body would be our answer.
(A) Most lead in city drinking water is absorbed by the lining of the pipes...................If that is the case then it supports our pre-thinking. The federal standards may not be crossed since most of the lead has been absorbed by the lining of the pipes. This strengthens the argument.
(B) Due to budgetary cuts the city had to test water sourced from one central location instead of sampling randomly throughout the city as in past years........................This doesn't strengthens the argument.
(C) Studies show that children who absorb levels of lead above federal standards experience adverse long-term effects....................This is the opposite of what we are looking for.
(D) The local hospital has had an increase in lead poisoning cases among people who drink large quantities of water on a regular basis....................Same as C
(E) Several medical associations have lobbied for higher standards and harsher punishments on cities that do not take actions to reduce lead contamination in their drinking water.....................................It's not strengthening the argument
IMO OA should be A
1. The city performed its annual testing of lead levels in the drinking water
2. Annual testing revealed that about 14 percent of the samples taken exceeded federal standards for allowable lead levels.
3. the lead levels, even in the ones that exceeded federal standards, were still too low to pose any immediate health threat.
Conclusion:
it’s perfectly safe for the city’s residents to drink all the tap water they want.
We have to strengthen the argument. The option which says that the exceeded amount of lead will not pose long-term health issues or somehow lead content as per the standards is not getting into our body would be our answer.
(A) Most lead in city drinking water is absorbed by the lining of the pipes...................If that is the case then it supports our pre-thinking. The federal standards may not be crossed since most of the lead has been absorbed by the lining of the pipes. This strengthens the argument.
(B) Due to budgetary cuts the city had to test water sourced from one central location instead of sampling randomly throughout the city as in past years........................This doesn't strengthens the argument.
(C) Studies show that children who absorb levels of lead above federal standards experience adverse long-term effects....................This is the opposite of what we are looking for.
(D) The local hospital has had an increase in lead poisoning cases among people who drink large quantities of water on a regular basis....................Same as C
(E) Several medical associations have lobbied for higher standards and harsher punishments on cities that do not take actions to reduce lead contamination in their drinking water.....................................It's not strengthening the argument
IMO OA should be A
