Not a fan of this question but B is the best among the choices.
We have to predict the thought process of the political scientist. The line gives away his train of thoughts -
"Democratic governments have a strong obligation to ensure that all voices have an equal chance to be heard, but governments should not subsidize expensive campaigns for each candidate."The political scientist is
1. YES to let everyone have equal say
2. NO is govt. subsidies
Lets go through each choice -
A. only candidates with significant campaign resources should be permitted to run for public office
Absolutely not what he meant. He wants to eliminate the unfairness stemming from unequal resources available to the candidates.B. an upper limit on the political campaign spending of each candidate is warranted
This sounds fair, as well as govt. does not have to subsidise. Lets hold on to this one.C. government subsidization of all political campaigns at a low percentage of their total cost is warranted
He does not want govt. subsidy. Also if their total cost is MASSIVE, then a small percentage of a MASSIVE amount would be significant.D. all wealthy persons should be prohibited from spending their own money on political campaigns
That is violating his "fairness" ideal.E. each candidate should be allowed to spend as much money on a political campaign as any other candidate chooses to spend
Aah this is tricky. He says that candidates should be allowed to spend as any other candidate chooses to. Okay, so if we have very fair people in the group this can work. But if there is a candidate with vast personal resources (cough... Donald Trump.. cough.. pardon me its flu season!) and he 'chose' to go all in then how will that be fair to the other candidates? It is similar to F1, as the rich constructors like the Mercedes or Ferraris would choose to spend more. Hence there is a mandated cap on the the total spend nowadays - which ties well with option B.
B is best out of the rest.