Here is the OE
Solution:
Step 1 – Analyzing the stimulus and question stemIt is believed that the more physically active a person is, the less the chances of the person’s gaining weight.
• General belief: The chances of a person putting on weight is lowered with the increase of physical activity in that person.
• So, more physically active, less chances of becoming fat.
In a company, however, on average the employees involved in intellectual but desk bound tasks were significantly less obese than the employees involved in tasks requiring mostly physical work but hardly any intellectual work.
• Fact:
• In a company, there are employees who are involved in
• Intellectual tasks but have to sit in one place to do them – so hardly any physical activity at work
• Tasks that need mostly physical work but hardly any intellectual work.
• The employees involved in intellectual tasks were on average less fat than the ones involved in mostly physical work.
Step 2 – Pre-thinking1. The paradox: Given that more physical activity = less fat, the employees involved in mostly physical work should be on average less fat than those involved in intellectual tasks (since they do hardly any physical work). However, just the opposite has been observed. This is the paradox we have to resolve.
2. Second line of reasoning
a. We have been given one way in which chances of gaining weight can be lowered – by doing more physical work. However, that does not mean that there cannot be other ways of reducing the chances of gaining weight.
b. Explanation:
i. What if intellectual tasks performed by the brain is a form of “physical activity” for the brain- one that requires significantly more energy to be completed than the energy required to complete a task involving mere physical energy? That would explain the discrepancy in the obesity levels of the two groups of employees.
________________________________________
A. Some employees who are employed in desk bound jobs also exercise sometimes.Option A Feedback:
“Some”(could mean just one) and “sometimes” (could mean once in a week or a month) are too weak to explain why on average the desk bound employees are less obese. This choice is a partial explanation at best.
Incorrect Choice.
B. About 10 to 20 percent of the calories our body uses at rest is actually consumed by your brain.Option B Feedback:
About 10 to 20 percent of the calories our body uses at rest is actually consumed by your brain.
This choice talks about the state of “at rest”. The passage is concerned with states of work – intellectual and physical. The information in this choice would be applicable to both the groups and does not explain the discrepancy. Thus, this choice is out of scope.
Incorrect Choice.
C. Intellectual tasks make up for the highest proportion of energy expenditure by the body.Option C Feedback:
This choice is in line with our explanation.
Correct Choice.D. Regular physical activity can increase total daily energy expenditure.Option D Feedback:
This choice increases the discrepancy. This is opposite of the required answer.
Incorrect Choice.
E. People involved mostly in physical activity are on average fitter and healthier than the people involved only in intellectual tasks.Option E Feedback:
“Fitness and health levels” are not at issue here. (At a remote level, if anything this choice increases the discrepancy). This choice is mostly out of scope.
Incorrect Choice.