Last visit was: 23 Apr 2026, 03:13 It is currently 23 Apr 2026, 03:13
Home
Messages
Tests
Schools
Events
Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Go to My Error Log Learn more
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel
Back to Forum
Create Topic
User avatar
Bunuel
User avatar
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Last visit: 23 Apr 2026
Posts: 109,773
Own Kudos:
810,733
 [4]
Given Kudos: 105,853
Products:
GMAT Club Tests Forum Quiz
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 109,773
Kudos: 810,733
 [4]
Effective street lighting has been proven to reduce crime. 01 Feb 2024, 02:30
Kudos
Add Kudos
4
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
00:00
Start Timer
Pause Timer
Resume Timer
Show Answer
Hide
Show
History
D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!

Difficulty:

35% (medium)

Question Stats:

65% (01:25) correct 35% (01:22) wrong based on 367 sessions

History

Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Effective street lighting has been proven to reduce crime. The city of Shambolia improved its lighting especially in areas where crime levels were particularly high. No substantial change in the amount of criminal activity in those areas was reported. Improved lighting alone is not sufficient to combat crime.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

A. The first is a general opinion; the second opposes the idea expressed by this opinion.

B. The first is a conclusion; the second is a premise that contradicts this conclusion.

C. The first presents factual information; the second is a conclusion based on this information.

D. The first is a premise; the second concludes the argument by challenging this premise.

E. The first is a piece of evidence; the second makes an inference based on this evidence.


ShowHide Answer
Official Answer
D
User avatar
AnayB
User avatar
Joined: 07 Apr 2023
Last visit: 23 Apr 2026
Posts: 2
Own Kudos:
2
 [1]
Given Kudos: 1
Location: India
Posts: 2
Kudos: 2
 [1]
Effective street lighting has been proven to reduce crime. 01 Feb 2024, 04:31
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Let's break down the argument :

The premise : "Effective lighting has been proved to reduce crime. The city of Shambolia improved its lighting in areas where crime levels were particularly high."
Here the statement establishes a premise that improved street lighting is associated with a reduction in crime. It presents the idea that the city took action based on that premise.

The conclusion: No substantial change in amount of criminal activity in those areas was reported. Improved lighting alone is not sufficient to combat crime.

The second boldface challenges the effectiveness of improved lighting in reducing crime.
It concludes that despite enhanced lighting, there was no significant impact on criminal activity, suggesting that improved lighting alone isn't enough to address the issue.

Therefore D - the first boldface is a premise and second concludes the argument by challenging this premise.
User avatar
PranavVyas
User avatar
Joined: 13 Aug 2020
Last visit: 19 Apr 2026
Posts: 97
Own Kudos:
107
 [1]
Given Kudos: 94
Concentration: Marketing, Operations
Schools: IIM-A '24 IIMB '25
GMAT 1: 540 Q15 V29
WE:Operations (Manufacturing)
Schools: IIM-A '24 IIMB '25
GMAT 1: 540 Q15 V29
Posts: 97
Kudos: 107
 [1]
Effective street lighting has been proven to reduce crime. 01 Feb 2024, 08:05
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Effective street lighting has been proven to reduce crime. The city of Shambolia improved its lighting especially in areas where crime levels were particularly high. No substantial change in the amount of criminal activity in those areas was reported. Improved lighting alone is not sufficient to combat crime.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

A. The first is a general opinion; the second opposes the idea expressed by this opinion. - Not an opinion

B. The first is a conclusion; the second is a premise that contradicts this conclusion. - first sentence is not conclusion

C. The first presents factual information; the second is a conclusion based on this information. - Not factual information

D. The first is a premise; the second concludes the argument by challenging this premise. - Correct

E. The first is a piece of evidence; the second makes an inference based on this evidence. - a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning

IMO-D
User avatar
Bunuel
User avatar
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Last visit: 23 Apr 2026
Posts: 109,773
Own Kudos:
810,733
 [1]
Given Kudos: 105,853
Products:
GMAT Club Tests Forum Quiz
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 109,773
Kudos: 810,733
 [1]
Effective street lighting has been proven to reduce crime. 04 Feb 2024, 20:45
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post

OFFICIAL EXPLANATION



Effective street lighting has been proven to reduce crime. The city of Shambolia improved its lighting especially in areas where crime levels were particularly high. No substantial change in the amount of criminal activity in those areas was reported. Improved lighting alone is not sufficient to combat crime.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?


A. The first is a general opinion; the second opposes the idea expressed by this opinion.

Incorrect.


This is a Boldface Type question, in which you are required to define the role of the two boldface sections in the argument. Read the argument and break it down using indicative words:

  • The first boldface, or sentence 1, is a premise because it cites a fact. The word proven indicates that the information is indeed factual.
  • The second sentence gives an example that tests this fact.
  • Sentence 3 is a premise. It gives us factual information that contradicts that of sentence 1.
  • The second boldface portion, or last sentence, draws a conclusion based on sentence 3 that weighs against sentence 1.

An opinion is someone's personal belief about a certain topic. The first boldface portion, however, is clearly factual. You can immediately eliminate answer choices that incorrectly define the first boldface part; do not waste time reading the rest.


B. The first is a conclusion; the second is a premise that contradicts this conclusion.

Incorrect.

A conclusion is a statement based on premises. The first boldface portion cannot be a conclusion because it gives us information that is not supported by any part of the argument. You can immediately eliminate answer choices that incorrectly define the first boldface part; do not waste time reading the rest.


C. The first presents factual information; the second is a conclusion based on this information.

Incorrect.

While this answer choice defines the first boldface part correctly, it defines the second incorrectly. A conclusion is a statement based on premises. The second boldface portion cannot be based on the first boldface portion since these two statements contradict one another.


D. The first is a premise; the second concludes the argument by challenging this premise.

Based on a "real-life" example (The city of Shambolia), which is an exception to the fact presented by the first premise, the author draws a conclusion that challenges the initial premise.


E. The first is a piece of evidence; the second makes an inference based on this evidence.

Incorrect.

This is a Boldface Type question, in which you are required to define the role of the two boldface sections in the argument. Read the argument and break it down using indicative words:

  • The first boldface, or sentence 1, is a premise because it cites a fact. The word proven indicates that the information is indeed factual.
  • The second sentence gives an example that tests this fact.
  • Sentence 3 is a premise. It gives us factual information that contradicts that of sentence 1.
  • The second boldface portion, or last sentence, draws a conclusion based on sentence 3 that weighs against sentence 1.

While this answer choice defines the first boldface part correctly, it defines the second incorrectly. An inference is another way of saying conclusion. It is a statement based on premises. The second boldface portion cannot be based on the first boldface portion since these two statements contradict one another.
Moderators:
GMATNinja
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
7391 posts
AbhishekP220108
501 posts
bhanu29
358 posts