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20 Feb 2024, 17:06
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Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
Hoards of dirhams — Middle Eastern coins — that were accumulated in the fur trade between Scandinavia and the Middle East have been found at Swedish sites dating to A.D. 800. Few dirhams have been found at contemporary sites in western Europe, ruled in A.D. 800 by the Emperor Charlemagne. However, this comparative scarcity of dirhams does not necessarily indicate that there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory, since __________.
A. Charlemagne had his own silver coins minted in large numbers, and in all likelihood foreign coins were melted down to provide the metal for these coins
B. very few other products from the Middle East have been found at archaeological sites in Charlemagne’s time and territory
C. in addition to the dirhams, coins from regions other than the Middle East have been found in the Swedish hoards
D. a few artifacts that originated in Charlemagne’s territory have also been found at Swedish sites dating to the period of Charlemagne’s reign
E. written records of Charlemagne’s reign do not mention international trade, but they do recount diplomatic contacts between Charlemagne and certain Middle Eastern rulers
Hoards of dirhams — Middle Eastern coins — that were accumulated in the fur trade between Scandinavia and the Middle East have been found at Swedish sites dating to A.D. 800. Few dirhams have been found at contemporary sites in western Europe, ruled in A.D. 800 by the Emperor Charlemagne. However, this comparative scarcity of dirhams does not necessarily indicate that there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory, since __________.
A. Charlemagne had his own silver coins minted in large numbers, and in all likelihood foreign coins were melted down to provide the metal for these coins
B. very few other products from the Middle East have been found at archaeological sites in Charlemagne’s time and territory
C. in addition to the dirhams, coins from regions other than the Middle East have been found in the Swedish hoards
D. a few artifacts that originated in Charlemagne’s territory have also been found at Swedish sites dating to the period of Charlemagne’s reign
E. written records of Charlemagne’s reign do not mention international trade, but they do recount diplomatic contacts between Charlemagne and certain Middle Eastern rulers
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20 Feb 2024, 20:31
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Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
Hoards of dirhams—Middle Eastern coins—that were accumulated in the fur trade between Scandinavia and the Middle East have been found at Swedish sites dating to A.D. 800. Few dirhams have been found at contemporary sites in western Europe, ruled in A.D. 800 by the Emperor Charlemagne. However, this comparative scarcity of dirhams does not necessarily indicate that there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory, since __________.
The passage presents a comparison:
Hoards of dirhams ... have been found at Swedish sites dating to A.D. 800. Few dirhams have been found at contemporary sites in western Europe, ruled in A.D. 800 by the Emperor Charlemagne.
Then it presents a conclusion that could be supported by that comparison:
there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory
To answer this question correctly, we need to see that "since" before the blank indicates that the correct answer must provide a reason why the comparison presented "does not necessarily indicate" that the conclusion is correct.
So, we can treat this choice like a Weaken question with the correct answer weakening the support the comparison presented by the passage provides for the conclusion.
A) Charlemagne had his own silver coins minted in large numbers, and in all likelihood foreign coins were melted down to provide the metal for these coins
This choice does just what we need.
The support the comparison presented by the passage provides for the conclusion is based on the assumption that the reason why "few dirhams were found ... in western Europe" is that "there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne's territory."
This choice attacks that assumption by providing reason to believe something else could have gone on: any dirhams that were in Charlemagne's territory may have been "melted down to provide metal" for Charlemagne's coins.
Thus, this choice indeed says why the comparison presented by the passage "does not necessarily indicate that there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory."
Keep.
B) very few other products from the Middle East have been found at archaeological sites in Charlemagne’s time and territory
This choice does basically the opposite of what we need.
After all, if this choice is true, then we have even more reason to believe that "there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory."
Eliminate.
C) in addition to the dirhams, coins from regions other than the Middle East have been found in the Swedish hoards
The fact that coins from other regions were found in the Swedish hoards has no effect on the argument. After all, the conclusion is specifically about trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory. So, information indicating that the Swedes may have traded with other regions doesn't affect the support for the conclusion.
Eliminate.
D) a few artifacts that originated in Charlemagne’s territory have also been found at Swedish sites dating to the period of Charlemagne’s reign
This choice indicates that Charlemagne's territory and Swedish sites were somehow connected. The fact that they were connected enough for "a few artifacts" to have ended up in Swedish territory doesn't clearly indicate anything about whether there was trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory.
So, this choice has no effect on the conclusion.
Eliminate.
E) written records of Charlemagne’s reign do not mention international trade, but they do recount diplomatic contacts between Charlemagne and certain Middle Eastern rulers
If anything, this choice does the opposite of what we need.
After all, if written records discuss diplomatic contacts between Charlemagne and Middle Eastern rulers but not trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory, then we have some confirmation, or support for the conclusion that "there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory."
We need a weakener, not support.
Eliminate.
Correct answer: A
Hoards of dirhams—Middle Eastern coins—that were accumulated in the fur trade between Scandinavia and the Middle East have been found at Swedish sites dating to A.D. 800. Few dirhams have been found at contemporary sites in western Europe, ruled in A.D. 800 by the Emperor Charlemagne. However, this comparative scarcity of dirhams does not necessarily indicate that there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory, since __________.
The passage presents a comparison:
Hoards of dirhams ... have been found at Swedish sites dating to A.D. 800. Few dirhams have been found at contemporary sites in western Europe, ruled in A.D. 800 by the Emperor Charlemagne.
Then it presents a conclusion that could be supported by that comparison:
there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory
To answer this question correctly, we need to see that "since" before the blank indicates that the correct answer must provide a reason why the comparison presented "does not necessarily indicate" that the conclusion is correct.
So, we can treat this choice like a Weaken question with the correct answer weakening the support the comparison presented by the passage provides for the conclusion.
A) Charlemagne had his own silver coins minted in large numbers, and in all likelihood foreign coins were melted down to provide the metal for these coins
This choice does just what we need.
The support the comparison presented by the passage provides for the conclusion is based on the assumption that the reason why "few dirhams were found ... in western Europe" is that "there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne's territory."
This choice attacks that assumption by providing reason to believe something else could have gone on: any dirhams that were in Charlemagne's territory may have been "melted down to provide metal" for Charlemagne's coins.
Thus, this choice indeed says why the comparison presented by the passage "does not necessarily indicate that there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory."
Keep.
B) very few other products from the Middle East have been found at archaeological sites in Charlemagne’s time and territory
This choice does basically the opposite of what we need.
After all, if this choice is true, then we have even more reason to believe that "there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory."
Eliminate.
C) in addition to the dirhams, coins from regions other than the Middle East have been found in the Swedish hoards
The fact that coins from other regions were found in the Swedish hoards has no effect on the argument. After all, the conclusion is specifically about trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory. So, information indicating that the Swedes may have traded with other regions doesn't affect the support for the conclusion.
Eliminate.
D) a few artifacts that originated in Charlemagne’s territory have also been found at Swedish sites dating to the period of Charlemagne’s reign
This choice indicates that Charlemagne's territory and Swedish sites were somehow connected. The fact that they were connected enough for "a few artifacts" to have ended up in Swedish territory doesn't clearly indicate anything about whether there was trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory.
So, this choice has no effect on the conclusion.
Eliminate.
E) written records of Charlemagne’s reign do not mention international trade, but they do recount diplomatic contacts between Charlemagne and certain Middle Eastern rulers
If anything, this choice does the opposite of what we need.
After all, if written records discuss diplomatic contacts between Charlemagne and Middle Eastern rulers but not trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory, then we have some confirmation, or support for the conclusion that "there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory."
We need a weakener, not support.
Eliminate.
Correct answer: A
21 Feb 2024, 12:09
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Hoards of dirhams — Middle Eastern coins — that were accumulated in the fur trade between Scandinavia and the Middle East have been found at Swedish sites dating to A.D. 800. Few dirhams have been found at contemporary sites in western Europe, ruled in A.D. 800 by the Emperor Charlemagne. However, this comparative scarcity of dirhams does not necessarily indicate that there was substantially less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne’s territory, since __________.
A. Charlemagne had his own silver coins minted in large numbers, and in all likelihood foreign coins were melted down to provide the metal for these coins
B. very few other products from the Middle East have been found at archaeological sites in Charlemagne’s time and territory
C. in addition to the dirhams, coins from regions other than the Middle East have been found in the Swedish hoards
D. a few artifacts that originated in Charlemagne’s territory have also been found at Swedish sites dating to the period of Charlemagne’s reign
E. written records of Charlemagne’s reign do not mention international trade, but they do recount diplomatic contacts between Charlemagne and certain Middle Eastern rulers
The passage talks about how more Middle Eastern coins have been found in one part of Europe (at sites dating back to 800 AD) compared to another. How this doesn't necessarily mean there was less trade between the Middle East and this OTHER part of Europe because...
A. Charlemagne had his own silver coins minted in large numbers, and in all likelihood foreign coins were melted down to provide the metal for these coins
(A) is the the answer. Basically, it gives us a reason for why there aren't as many Middle Eastern coins that STILL exist today in this OTHER area (Charlemagne's territory). In a sense, you can think of the last line of the passage as saying: How this doesn't necessarily mean there was less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne's territory because it's likely that Middle Eastern coins that ended up there were melted to make local silver coins.
A. Charlemagne had his own silver coins minted in large numbers, and in all likelihood foreign coins were melted down to provide the metal for these coins
B. very few other products from the Middle East have been found at archaeological sites in Charlemagne’s time and territory
C. in addition to the dirhams, coins from regions other than the Middle East have been found in the Swedish hoards
D. a few artifacts that originated in Charlemagne’s territory have also been found at Swedish sites dating to the period of Charlemagne’s reign
E. written records of Charlemagne’s reign do not mention international trade, but they do recount diplomatic contacts between Charlemagne and certain Middle Eastern rulers
The passage talks about how more Middle Eastern coins have been found in one part of Europe (at sites dating back to 800 AD) compared to another. How this doesn't necessarily mean there was less trade between the Middle East and this OTHER part of Europe because...
A. Charlemagne had his own silver coins minted in large numbers, and in all likelihood foreign coins were melted down to provide the metal for these coins
(A) is the the answer. Basically, it gives us a reason for why there aren't as many Middle Eastern coins that STILL exist today in this OTHER area (Charlemagne's territory). In a sense, you can think of the last line of the passage as saying: How this doesn't necessarily mean there was less trade between the Middle East and Charlemagne's territory because it's likely that Middle Eastern coins that ended up there were melted to make local silver coins.
