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The spread of Avian flu from animals to humans has been welldocumented, but less understood is the mechanism by which it is spread from one bird species to another. In order to avoid a worldwide epidemic of Avian flu, scientists must make that study a first priority. To solely tackle the human dimension of this possible pandemic is to miss half of the problem: its spread from one hemisphere to another.

The bolded phrase plays which of the following roles in the argument above?

(A) The bolded phrase states a premise of the argument.

(B) The bolded phrase contradicts the author’s main point.

(C) The bolded phrase makes a statement that the author is about to contradict.

(D) The bolded phrase states the author’s conclusion.

(E) The bolded phrase states an assumption the author is making.


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The bolded phrase, "In order to avoid a worldwide epidemic of Avian flu, scientists must make that study a first priority," represents the author's conclusion.

Explanation
- The passage discusses that the spread of Avian flu among birds is less understood and argues that focusing only on human transmission misses half the problem.
- The bolded phrase presents a recommendation or a course of action (“must make that study a first priority”), which is typical of a conclusion statement in an argument.
- The sentences before and after support or explain why scientists should prioritize this study, making the bolded phrase the central point the author is making.
- It is not a premise (which provides evidence) or an assumption (unstated necessary condition), nor a contradiction or a statement the author will dispute.
Therefore, the bolded phrase states the conclusion of the argument.
The correct answer is: (D) The bolded phrase states the author’s conclusion.
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The argument says:

Avian flu spread from animals to humans is well-documented, but spread between bird species is less understood.

To avoid a worldwide epidemic, scientists must prioritize studying that.

To solely tackle the human dimension is to miss half of the problem: its spread from one hemisphere to another.

The bolded phrase is the last sentence, which is essentially saying: focusing only on the human side ignores the inter-hemispheric spread in birds.

This is the main point the author is driving toward — the conclusion of the argument. The earlier statements lead up to this idea: because spread between birds is poorly understood and critical to a pandemic, focusing only on humans is inadequate.

So the role of the bolded phrase is to state the author’s conclusion.

Correct answer: (D)
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Bunuel
The spread of Avian flu from animals to humans has been welldocumented, but less understood is the mechanism by which it is spread from one bird species to another. In order to avoid a worldwide epidemic of Avian flu, scientists must make that study a first priority. To solely tackle the human dimension of this possible pandemic is to miss half of the problem: its spread from one hemisphere to another.

The bolded phrase plays which of the following roles in the argument above?

(A) The bolded phrase states a premise of the argument.

(B) The bolded phrase contradicts the author’s main point.

(C) The bolded phrase makes a statement that the author is about to contradict.

(D) The bolded phrase states the author’s conclusion.

(E) The bolded phrase states an assumption the author is making.


OFFICIAL EXPLANATION



The spread of Avian flu from animals to humans has been welldocumented, but less understood is the mechanism by which it is spread from one bird species to another. In order to avoid a worldwide epidemic of Avian flu, scientists must make that study a first priority. To solely tackle the human dimension of this possible pandemic is to miss half of the problem: its spread from one hemisphere to another.

The bolded phrase plays which of the following roles in the argument above?

(A) The bolded phrase states a premise of the argument.

(B) The bolded phrase contradicts the author’s main point.

(C) The bolded phrase makes a statement that the author is about to contradict.

(D) The bolded phrase states the author’s conclusion.

(E) The bolded phrase states an assumption the author is making.


D

Although there is no “therefore” or “hence” in front of it, the bolded phrase is the conclusion of the argument. The other phrases are premises of the argument. If you suspect a phrase may be the conclusion, it sometimes helps to imagine a “therefore” in front of it, to see if the sentence would make sense. If it does, chances are that’s your conclusion. The best answer is D.
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