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31 Dec 2025, 03:04
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54% (01:58) correct
46%
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People often claim to be honest only when it is convenient for them, and they tend to define what is “right” based on prevailing social opinions rather than personal moral judgment. For example, individuals may support a cause simply because a popular social group endorses it, even though the group’s leaders can later reshape or reinterpret the original stance to suit their own interests. Therefore, it is essential that people base their beliefs on their own moral principles rather than uncritically accepting what influential voices in society promote.
Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument above?
A. Many social movements actively encourage individuals to critically examine their own moral beliefs before supporting a cause.
B. In several historical cases, collective social consensus has led to positive moral progress that individuals acting alone would not have achieved.
C. Most people are unaware that leaders of social groups sometimes change or reinterpret their positions over time.
D. Individuals who rely primarily on personal moral judgment often disagree strongly with one another about what is right.
E. Some people follow social opinions because doing so provides a sense of belonging and emotional security.
Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument above?
A. Many social movements actively encourage individuals to critically examine their own moral beliefs before supporting a cause.
B. In several historical cases, collective social consensus has led to positive moral progress that individuals acting alone would not have achieved.
C. Most people are unaware that leaders of social groups sometimes change or reinterpret their positions over time.
D. Individuals who rely primarily on personal moral judgment often disagree strongly with one another about what is right.
E. Some people follow social opinions because doing so provides a sense of belonging and emotional security.
07 Jan 2026, 13:14
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Answer: B
Core flaw in the argument
The argument says: “Don’t follow influential social opinions, because leaders can manipulate them. Instead, rely on your own moral principles.”
Why B weakens it most
B says that in many historical cases, social consensus produced real moral improvement that individuals acting alone would not have achieved. If that is true, then following society’s dominant moral view is not necessarily unreliable or corrupt. Sometimes it leads to better moral outcomes, so the argument’s “therefore you should rely on yourself instead” conclusion is weakened.
Why the others do not weaken
A: Shows some movements encourage critical thinking. That does not show the conclusion is wrong.
C: Supports the argument (people are unaware of manipulation).
D: Says individuals disagree. That does not show personal moral judgment is worse than social influence.
E: Supports the argument (people follow opinions for comfort, not truth).
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