A recent state survey has shown that, despite stringent laws, only 15%

Question

A recent state survey has shown that, despite stringent laws, only 15% of parents equip their cars with special new child seats. However, 35% of all cars ticketed for not conforming to the stipulated speed limit are those that do have the new child seats. It is clear that parents and drivers who are concerned about the safety of their children are more likely to exceed the speed limit.

Which of the following is a necessary assumption of the above argument?

A. Parents and drivers who are concerned about the safety of their children will conform to the safety rules.
B. The number of parents who install child safety seats is greater than the number of parents who do not.
C. Concerned parents and drivers who are ticketed for exceeding the speed limit are more likely to exceed the speed limit repeatedly.
D. The report covers the parents and drivers of the whole state.
E. Several cars that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were ticketed more than once during the period covered by the report.

guddo · Answer

Could you please check the OA? Or provide the OE? Thank you!

Also, what is the source of the questions you have posted recently?

Amity007 · Answer

Hi guddo,

These questions are from "qdsprotests"/"www.tcyonline.com" Test series. I got these test series with my personal tutoring with "QDS pro".
Posting Official answer in different comment.

Amity007 · Answer

Right Answer Explanation / Suggested Answer : 
 1. Incorrect. This statement contradicts the conclusion of the argument. The argument states that those who are concerned about safety (evidenced by using child seats) are more likely to break a safety rule (speeding). Therefore, this cannot be a necessary assumption because it directly opposes the argument.
2. Incorrect. This option is factually incorrect based on the data provided in the argument, which states only 15% of parents use the new child seats, implying 85% do not. Even if it were correct, it wouldn't necessarily affect the argument's validity about the likelihood of speeding among those who use child seats.
3. Correct. If this option is denied (i.e., if these parents and drivers are not more likely to repeatedly exceed the speed limit), then the observed data (35% of speed tickets going to cars with child seats) could indeed be attributed to a one-off occurrence or a statistical anomaly. The argument's conclusion that safety-conscious parents are generally more likely to speed would be weakened without this assumption, as it implies that the speeding isn't just a rare exception but a repeated behavior among this group.
4. Incorrect. Denying this doesn't directly contradict the claim about the behavior of safety-conscious parents (those using child seats) specifically. The argument could still hold within a smaller sample or a particular region. Thus, it is not the most necessary assumption for the specific conclusion about speeding tendencies. This option therefore only provides wider coverage but does not support the conclusion. Even if the report covers drivers of the entire state, drivers of cars with child seats may or may not exceed the speed limit.
5. Incorrect. This option is related to the frequency of offenses but doesn't necessarily tie into the core assumption needed about the typical behavior of this group. Whether the same cars were ticketed multiple times doesn't impact the general claim about a tendency among child seat users to speed. The argument doesn't depend on the frequency of individual cars being ticketed but rather on the overall behavior of the group.

guddo · Answer

Thank you, Amity007! Was not familiar with that source.

A recent state survey has shown that, despite stringent laws, only 15%

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A recent state survey has shown that, despite stringent laws, only 15%

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