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23 Mar 2026, 19:00
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E
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
65%
(hard)
Question Stats:
57% (02:04) correct
43%
(02:08)
wrong
based on 108
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
In the 1950s, a popular camping site became the subject of persistent rumors centered on the presence of extra-terrestrials. In a survey conducted at the site in 2020, it was found that approximately half of all visitors to the camping site that year were aware of the rumors and the second half was unaware. The survey also revealed that the first half consistently reported significantly more unusual experiences than the second half did. On the basis of this data, the surveyors’ concluded that supposed extra-terrestrial encounters generally stem from the pre-existing expectations of such an event occurring.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the surveyors’ reasoning?
A. None of the visitors in the second half believed that the unusual experiences they reported were related to extra-terrestrials.
B. Those that the visitors in the first half reported their experiences to did not believe in the presence of extra-terrestrials.
C. Before visiting the camping site, the visitors within each group had considerably varied beliefs about extra-terrestrial life.
D. All of the unusual experiences reported by the visitors were caused by factors other than extra-terrestrials.
E. All of the visitors in the first half believed that the rumors regarding the presence of extra-terrestrials were hoaxes.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the surveyors’ reasoning?
A. None of the visitors in the second half believed that the unusual experiences they reported were related to extra-terrestrials.
B. Those that the visitors in the first half reported their experiences to did not believe in the presence of extra-terrestrials.
C. Before visiting the camping site, the visitors within each group had considerably varied beliefs about extra-terrestrial life.
D. All of the unusual experiences reported by the visitors were caused by factors other than extra-terrestrials.
E. All of the visitors in the first half believed that the rumors regarding the presence of extra-terrestrials were hoaxes.
23 Mar 2026, 19:05
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Argument summary:
At a camping site there are rumors about extra-terrestrials.
Visitors were split into two groups:
Group 1: Aware of the rumors.
Group 2: Unaware of the rumors.
Result: Group 1 reported more unusual experiences.
Conclusion by surveyors: These encounters happen because people expect them (pre-existing expectations).
So the reasoning is:
Awareness of rumors → expectations → more reported unusual experiences.
To weaken the argument, we must show that the first group did NOT actually have expectations, or that expectations were not the reason for the experiences.
Evaluate the options
A. Second group didn’t think experiences were extraterrestrial.
❌ Irrelevant. The conclusion is about why experiences occur, not what people believed afterward.
B. People told by group 1 didn’t believe in extraterrestrials.
❌ Irrelevant. The listeners’ beliefs don’t affect the visitors’ experiences.
C. Visitors had varied beliefs about extraterrestrial life.
❌ Weak. Even with varied beliefs, awareness of rumors could still create expectations.
D. Experiences were caused by factors other than extraterrestrials.
❌ Doesn’t weaken. The surveyors never claimed aliens were real—only that expectations cause the encounters.
E. All visitors in the first half believed the rumors were hoaxes.
✅ Strongly weakens.
If they thought the rumors were fake, then they did not expect extraterrestrial encounters.
Yet they still reported more unusual experiences.
This directly contradicts the claim that the experiences stem from expectations.
✅ Correct Answer: E.
At a camping site there are rumors about extra-terrestrials.
Visitors were split into two groups:
Group 1: Aware of the rumors.
Group 2: Unaware of the rumors.
Result: Group 1 reported more unusual experiences.
Conclusion by surveyors: These encounters happen because people expect them (pre-existing expectations).
So the reasoning is:
Awareness of rumors → expectations → more reported unusual experiences.
To weaken the argument, we must show that the first group did NOT actually have expectations, or that expectations were not the reason for the experiences.
Evaluate the options
A. Second group didn’t think experiences were extraterrestrial.
❌ Irrelevant. The conclusion is about why experiences occur, not what people believed afterward.
B. People told by group 1 didn’t believe in extraterrestrials.
❌ Irrelevant. The listeners’ beliefs don’t affect the visitors’ experiences.
C. Visitors had varied beliefs about extraterrestrial life.
❌ Weak. Even with varied beliefs, awareness of rumors could still create expectations.
D. Experiences were caused by factors other than extraterrestrials.
❌ Doesn’t weaken. The surveyors never claimed aliens were real—only that expectations cause the encounters.
E. All visitors in the first half believed the rumors were hoaxes.
✅ Strongly weakens.
If they thought the rumors were fake, then they did not expect extraterrestrial encounters.
Yet they still reported more unusual experiences.
This directly contradicts the claim that the experiences stem from expectations.
✅ Correct Answer: E.
29 Mar 2026, 04:15
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ExpertsGlobal5
E is the best choice.
Video explanation:
